Accepted for/Published in: JMIR Formative Research
Date Submitted: Apr 28, 2025
Open Peer Review Period: Apr 29, 2025 - Jun 24, 2025
Date Accepted: Aug 29, 2025
(closed for review but you can still tweet)
Warning: This is an author submission that is not peer-reviewed or edited. Preprints - unless they show as "accepted" - should not be relied on to guide clinical practice or health-related behavior and should not be reported in news media as established information.
Medicine Beyond Machines: The Art of Thinking in the Age of AI
ABSTRACT
The widespread adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs) is reshaping clinical decision-making by influencing not only data interpretation but also the cognitive structure of medical reasoning. While these tools enhance diagnostic capacity and streamline workflows, misuse may diminish critical, contextual, and humanized thinking, reducing physicians to passive validators of algorithmic outputs. This article explores the evolution of medical cognition and proposes strategies for integrating AI in ways that preserve cognitive autonomy, such as structuring information, reducing bias, and strengthening metacognition. We argue that AI should serve as a "cognitive stethoscope", a tool that refines reasoning without compromising its essence.
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Copyright
© The authors. All rights reserved. This is a privileged document currently under peer-review/community review (or an accepted/rejected manuscript). Authors have provided JMIR Publications with an exclusive license to publish this preprint on it's website for review and ahead-of-print citation purposes only. While the final peer-reviewed paper may be licensed under a cc-by license on publication, at this stage authors and publisher expressively prohibit redistribution of this draft paper other than for review purposes.