JMIR Publications

ABSTRACT

Background:

In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) has ushered in a promising era in Medicine, particularly in Medical Education. However, studies assessing the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of medical students regarding artificial intelligence in Vietnam remain limited.

Objective:

To evaluate Vietnamese medical students’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices concerning the use of AI tools in learning and research, and identify factors associated with their practice levels.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted among medical students at Thai Binh University of Medicine and Pharmacy from November to December 2025. Data were collected using an online structured questionnaire covering demographics, knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding AI. Descriptive statistics and multivariate linear regression were used for analysis to examine associated factors. Results were reported as odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results:

A total of 1,002 medical students (mean age of 21 years; 59.5% female) were included. Knowledge regarding AI was moderate (median = 70, Q1-Q3 = 33 – 83), with a high level of familiarity with common tools (80%). Attitudes toward AI were generally positive (median = 70, Q1-Q3 = 53.3 – 76.7). Practice regarding AI was lower (median = 50, Q1-Q3 = 46.9 – 71.9), primarily for information retrieval and literature research support. In the multivariate analysis, knowledge (β = 0.121; 95% CI: 0.080–0.161) and attitudes scores (β = 0.424; 95% CI: 0.341–0.507) were positively associated with AI practice (p < 0.001).

Conclusions:

Medical students show positive attitudes toward AI but lack sufficient knowledge and practical skills. Integrating AI into medical curricula, including fundamentals, applications, and ethical aspects, is essential to prepare future physicians for AI-driven healthcare.