Maintenance Notice

Due to necessary scheduled maintenance, the JMIR Publications website will be unavailable from Wednesday, July 01, 2020 at 8:00 PM to 10:00 PM EST. We apologize in advance for any inconvenience this may cause you.

Who will be affected?

Accepted for/Published in: JMIR Formative Research

Date Submitted: Feb 18, 2026
Date Accepted: Jul 9, 2026

The final, peer-reviewed published version of this preprint can be found here:

Use and Perceptions of Teletherapy Among Physiotherapists in Germany: Descriptive Cross-Sectional Online Survey

Michels T, Zalpour C, Elsner B

Use and Perceptions of Teletherapy Among Physiotherapists in Germany: Descriptive Cross-Sectional Online Survey

JMIR Form Res 2026;10:e93733

DOI: 10.2196/93733

PMID: 42766842

Use and Perceptions of Teletherapy Among Physiotherapists in Germany: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Online Survey

  • Tobias Michels; 
  • Christoff Zalpour; 
  • Bernhard Elsner

ABSTRACT

Background:

Teletherapy is gaining increasing importance in physiotherapeutic care but has so far been only marginally established in Germany. The current state of utilisation, attitudes, and perceived barriers among physiotherapists remains insufficiently described.

Objective:

This online survey represents an initial national assessment of physiotherapists in Germany, aiming to gather information on perceived barriers, enabling factors, and competencies required for the implementation and use of physiotherapeutic teletherapy.

Methods:

A descriptive cross-sectional online survey was conducted among physiotherapists in Germany using the LimeSurvey platform. The questionnaire collected demographic data as well as information on current and intended use of teletherapy, perceived barriers and benefits, training needs, and self-assessed competence to deliver teletherapy. Data were analysed descriptively.

Results:

A total of 458 physiotherapists participated in the survey. The majority reported not currently offering teletherapy, although there was a general interest in future implementation. The most frequently reported barriers were integration into daily practice (60%, n=274), insufficient information on legal and organisational frameworks (48%, n=220), and a lack of digital infrastructure in practices (42%, n=191). The main perceived advantages were an expanded service for patients (71%, n=324) and reduced risk of infection (57%, n=261). Only 38% (n=176) of respondents considered themselves sufficiently competent to provide teletherapy. Expectations regarding information and support were primarily directed towards professional associations (79%, n=361) and health insurance providers (61%, n=281).

Conclusions:

The findings highlight a strong interest in the use of physiotherapeutic teletherapy in Germany; however, structural, organisational, and competence-related barriers persist. To promote sustainable implementation, professional associations, health insurance providers, and educational institutions should develop targeted information and training programmes and improve both the technical and regulatory frameworks. Clinical Trial: OSF, 10.17605/OSF.IO/YJ97H


 Citation

Please cite as:

Michels T, Zalpour C, Elsner B

Use and Perceptions of Teletherapy Among Physiotherapists in Germany: Descriptive Cross-Sectional Online Survey

JMIR Form Res 2026;10:e93733

DOI: 10.2196/93733

PMID: 42766842

Download PDF


Request queued. Please wait while the file is being generated. It may take some time.

© The authors. All rights reserved. This is a privileged document currently under peer-review/community review (or an accepted/rejected manuscript). Authors have provided JMIR Publications with an exclusive license to publish this preprint on it's website for review and ahead-of-print citation purposes only. While the final peer-reviewed paper may be licensed under a cc-by license on publication, at this stage authors and publisher expressively prohibit redistribution of this draft paper other than for review purposes.