Accepted for/Published in: JMIR Formative Research
Date Submitted: Feb 18, 2026
Date Accepted: Jul 9, 2026
Use and Perceptions of Teletherapy Among Physiotherapists in Germany: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Online Survey
ABSTRACT
Background:
Teletherapy is gaining increasing importance in physiotherapeutic care but has so far been only marginally established in Germany. The current state of utilisation, attitudes, and perceived barriers among physiotherapists remains insufficiently described.
Objective:
This online survey represents an initial national assessment of physiotherapists in Germany, aiming to gather information on perceived barriers, enabling factors, and competencies required for the implementation and use of physiotherapeutic teletherapy.
Methods:
A descriptive cross-sectional online survey was conducted among physiotherapists in Germany using the LimeSurvey platform. The questionnaire collected demographic data as well as information on current and intended use of teletherapy, perceived barriers and benefits, training needs, and self-assessed competence to deliver teletherapy. Data were analysed descriptively.
Results:
A total of 458 physiotherapists participated in the survey. The majority reported not currently offering teletherapy, although there was a general interest in future implementation. The most frequently reported barriers were integration into daily practice (60%, n=274), insufficient information on legal and organisational frameworks (48%, n=220), and a lack of digital infrastructure in practices (42%, n=191). The main perceived advantages were an expanded service for patients (71%, n=324) and reduced risk of infection (57%, n=261). Only 38% (n=176) of respondents considered themselves sufficiently competent to provide teletherapy. Expectations regarding information and support were primarily directed towards professional associations (79%, n=361) and health insurance providers (61%, n=281).
Conclusions:
The findings highlight a strong interest in the use of physiotherapeutic teletherapy in Germany; however, structural, organisational, and competence-related barriers persist. To promote sustainable implementation, professional associations, health insurance providers, and educational institutions should develop targeted information and training programmes and improve both the technical and regulatory frameworks. Clinical Trial: OSF, 10.17605/OSF.IO/YJ97H
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