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Cutaneous Manifestation in Neurological Disorders: A Systematic Review of Observational Studies
ABSTRACT
Background:
Cutaneous manifestations are increasingly recognized as serving as important indicators of several neurological disorders because of the shared mechanisms between the two conditions. This systematic review aims to synthesize the available observational evidence on cutaneous manifestations related to neurological disorders.
Objective:
To systematically review and synthesize observational evidence on the relationship between cutaneous manifestations and neurological disorders, highlighting their role as early indicators of underlying neurological pathology.
Methods:
This is a systematic review conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines across different electronic databases from inception up to 2023. Study selection, extraction of data, and quality assessment were performed independently by two reviewers.
Results:
The review included 30 studies published between 1964 and 2023, including a total sample of 9472 (1172 cases and 8300 controls), mostly as case reports, and representing diverse geographic regions. Pigmentary disorders were the most common reported cutaneous manifestations (N=17 studies), particularly among patients with congenital neurocutaneous disorders. Most of the cutaneous symptoms were reported before or at the onset of neurological symptoms. The shared embryological origins, neural crest cell migration defects, immune-mediated processes, or chronic inflammatory pathways were the most proposed pathophysiological mechanisms related to the two conditions.
Conclusions:
This review indicated that cutaneous manifestations are common and clinically relevant across different neurological disorders and frequently serve as early markers of underlying neurological pathology.
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Copyright
© The authors. All rights reserved. This is a privileged document currently under peer-review/community review (or an accepted/rejected manuscript). Authors have provided JMIR Publications with an exclusive license to publish this preprint on it's website for review and ahead-of-print citation purposes only. While the final peer-reviewed paper may be licensed under a cc-by license on publication, at this stage authors and publisher expressively prohibit redistribution of this draft paper other than for review purposes.