Maintenance Notice

Due to necessary scheduled maintenance, the JMIR Publications website will be unavailable from Wednesday, July 01, 2020 at 8:00 PM to 10:00 PM EST. We apologize in advance for any inconvenience this may cause you.

Who will be affected?

Accepted for/Published in: JMIR Formative Research

Date Submitted: Feb 2, 2026
Date Accepted: Jun 9, 2026

The final, peer-reviewed published version of this preprint can be found here:

AI Software Among Commercially Insured Populations: Cross-Sectional Study of Patient and Plan Characteristics

Zhang E, Jin Y, Lin CCC, Kuo R, Liao JM

AI Software Among Commercially Insured Populations: Cross-Sectional Study of Patient and Plan Characteristics

JMIR Form Res 2026;10:e92726

DOI: 10.2196/92726

PMID: 42490541

Warning: This is an author submission that is not peer-reviewed or edited. Preprints - unless they show as "accepted" - should not be relied on to guide clinical practice or health-related behavior and should not be reported in news media as established information.

Artificial Intelligence Software Among Commercially Insured Populations: A Cross-Sectional Study of Patient and Plan Characteristics

  • Elsa Zhang; 
  • Yujia Jin; 
  • Ching-Ching Claire Lin; 
  • Raymond Kuo; 
  • Joshua M Liao

ABSTRACT

We describe adoption of AI software among commercially insured adults from 2018–2023 and find rapid growth but variable use across patient, plan, and regional characteristics, highlighting the need for research and policy to support equitable and beneficial adoption.


 Citation

Please cite as:

Zhang E, Jin Y, Lin CCC, Kuo R, Liao JM

AI Software Among Commercially Insured Populations: Cross-Sectional Study of Patient and Plan Characteristics

JMIR Form Res 2026;10:e92726

DOI: 10.2196/92726

PMID: 42490541

Download PDF


Request queued. Please wait while the file is being generated. It may take some time.

© The authors. All rights reserved. This is a privileged document currently under peer-review/community review (or an accepted/rejected manuscript). Authors have provided JMIR Publications with an exclusive license to publish this preprint on it's website for review and ahead-of-print citation purposes only. While the final peer-reviewed paper may be licensed under a cc-by license on publication, at this stage authors and publisher expressively prohibit redistribution of this draft paper other than for review purposes.