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Prevalence of Frailty in Community-Dwelling Adults Aged 18–99 Years: Design and Demographics of the Osaka-Settsu Prospective Cohort Study for Health, Nutrition and Well-being
ABSTRACT
Background:
Frailty is defined as increased vulnerability to stress. Although frailty is typically associated with older age, it can also affect younger population. In 2024, we launched the Osaka-Settsu Study in Japan. This population-based prospective study aimed to identify the risk factors for lifestyle-related diseases and care given and contribute to precision health care.
Objective:
This cohort profile paper describes the study design, the demographics of the participants, and the prevalence of frailty.
Methods:
A self-administered questionnaire survey was mailed to registered residents aged ≥ 18 years in Settsu City from February to June 2024. The survey asked the participants about physical activity, nutritional status, well-being, and frailty. The participants will be followed up for the incidence of lifestyle-related diseases, need for support/long-term care certification, emergency transportation, and migration.
Results:
Of the 71,680 self-administered questionnaires distributed, 13,282 were completed. The mean age (standard deviation) were 62.1 (17.6) and 60.7 (18.4) years for females and males, respectively. The proportion of robust, prefrail, and frail were 18.5%, 65.5%, and 16.0% in females and, 18.7%, 63.8%, and 17.5% in males, respectively, based on the criteria of the Fried index. The prevalences of frailty in both female and male was 10% across all age groups.
Conclusions:
Frailty is prevalent even in younger adults. This study is planned to collect information on vital status and conducted follow-up surveys to identify the predictors of functional decline across the course of life. This study provides valuable evidence for the development of strategies to extend a healthy lifespan.
Citation
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