Accepted for/Published in: JMIR Research Protocols
Date Submitted: Dec 23, 2025
Date Accepted: May 12, 2026
Effect of Sleep Hygiene on Metabolic Syndrome among the Indian Adult Rural Population: Protocol for a Cross-Sectional Study
ABSTRACT
Background:
Metabolic syndrome (MetS), refers to a group of conditions including high blood pressure, excess weight, high blood sugar, impaired cholesterol, and triglyceride levels, which together raise the likelihood of developing a heart disease and diabetes significantly. Poor Sleep Hygiene is associated with a higher likelihood of type 2 diabetes, while the sleep duration can affect the development of various MetS components. Around 25% of adults currently deal with MetS, and experts predict this could climb to 50% by the year 2035. The study titled - Effect of Sleep Hygiene on Cardio-metabolic Health among the Adult Population aims to examine, how crucial Sleep Hygiene is for general well-being, in regards to MetS; it focuses on a lesser-studied rural population through validated tools and thorough approaches, aiming to highlight the important connection between a proper Sleep Hygiene and cardiovascular health.
Objective:
This study aims to estimate the prevalence of poor sleep quality and cardiometabolic risk factors in the Indian rural population while attempting to determine the association between Sleep Hygiene and cardiometabolic risk factors.
Methods:
This study will be a cross-sectional analytical study which will be community based, where data collection will be carried out using validated tools by trained personnel going into the community, visiting participants on a house-to-house basis.
Results:
In this cross-sectional study of 281 rural Indian adults aged ≥40 years, sleep quality will be assessed via the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI; score >5 indicates poor sleep), alongside direct measurements of blood pressure, random blood sugar, BMI (≥25 kg/m² for obesity), waist circumference, and MDRF-IDRS for diabetes risk. Data will be collected through a door-to-door approach, with informed consent, entered into Google Forms, and quality-checked via training and regular reviews. Using R software, analyses will include prevalence estimates with 95% CIs, chi-square/t-tests for associations between poor sleep and cardiometabolic risks, and logistic regression (p<0.05) adjusted for confounders like diet, stress, and physical activity.
Conclusions:
MetS and its link to Sleep Hygiene deserve more attention, especially as poor sleep habits rise alongside metabolic syndrome. This study will deepen the understanding of their connection, paving the way for targeted interventions and prevention strategies. Clinical Trial: Clinical Trial Registry India: CTRI/2025/08/092892
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