JMIR Publications

ABSTRACT

Background:

Video gaming has been associated with negative effects such as compulsive behavior, depression, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, oppositional behavior, and suicidality. While some studies present conflicting findings on the link between gaming and health issues, these problems can contribute to video game addiction.

Objective:

Despite considerable research, there is a notable gap in technology-based treatments for game addiction, and a lack of controlled experiments on the impact of different game mechanics on addiction. This study addresses these by exploring the relationship between game mechanics and game addiction. The research aims to find a way to reduce the effect of game addiction on gamers by identifying which mechanics are responsible for the addictive behavior gamers experience when playing video games. Additionally, testing technological factors on whether it has any significant improvement in lowering the effect of game addiction. This research integrates persuasive strategies into game mechanics to mitigate game addiction. The objectives are constructing a conceptual framework to explore the relationship between game mechanics and game addiction and to validate the proposed conceptual framework using a hierarchical quantitative model.

Methods:

The conceptual framework was evaluated using chi-square tests, multiple linear regression, and factor analysis to assess construct validity, model fit, and the relationships between game mechanics and player typologies.

Results:

A total of 487 valid responses were analyzed. The results showed that feedback mechanics and comparison strategies were inversely related and significantly influenced the achiever, daredevil, and socializer player types (P < .05). Reducing comparative elements and emphasizing cooperation within core mechanics were associated with a lower risk of addictive behaviors, whereas avoiding suggestion-based features appeared beneficial for survivors. In aesthetic mechanics, cooperation and personalization were positively associated with engagement (P < .05), while suggestion strongly affected achievers and masterminds, player types generally less prone to addiction. These findings highlight the differential impact of specific mechanics on player engagement and addiction vulnerability across typologies.

Conclusions:

These findings contribute to theoretical and methodological understanding of game addiction and player typologies. The study introduces a new conceptual framework, hierarchical quantitative model, adapted measurement tools, and validated experimental evidence. Together, these elements advance knowledge of how distinct game mechanics interact with player motivations and addiction vulnerability, offering practical insights for designing more balanced and responsible game systems.