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Accepted for/Published in: JMIR Formative Research

Date Submitted: Sep 26, 2025
Open Peer Review Period: Sep 25, 2025 - Nov 20, 2025
Date Accepted: Mar 10, 2026
(closed for review but you can still tweet)

The final, peer-reviewed published version of this preprint can be found here:

Willingness of Patients With Mental Disorders to Engage in Online Psychotherapy: Multicenter Cross-Sectional Survey

Liu L, Gao B, Li Q, Ren H, Pan M, Zhong P, Li S, Zhang C, Zhang X, Liao J

Willingness of Patients With Mental Disorders to Engage in Online Psychotherapy: Multicenter Cross-Sectional Survey

JMIR Form Res 2026;10:e83299

DOI: 10.2196/83299

PMID: 41945903

Willingness of patients with mental disorders in China to engage in online psychotherapy: A multicenter cross-sectional survey

  • Lijun Liu; 
  • Bingling Gao; 
  • Qianqian Li; 
  • Huipeng Ren; 
  • Miao Pan; 
  • Pingfang Zhong; 
  • Shixing Li; 
  • Chenhong Zhang; 
  • Xiaoxi Zhang; 
  • Jinmin Liao

ABSTRACT

Background:

China faces a high prevalence of mental disorders yet demonstrates low treatment uptake, a gap driven by limited awareness and unevenly distributed mental health resources. While online psychotherapy has potential to expand access, patient willingness remains insufficiently explored.

Objective:

This study aims to investigate the willingness to engage in online psychotherapy among Chinese patients with mental disorders and identified associated factors.

Methods:

A multicenter, cross-sectional survey was conducted using a structured questionnaire to assess the attitudes and willingness of patients with mental disorders in China to engage in online psychotherapy. Willingness to engage in online psychotherapy was assessed using a 0–100 rating scale, with higher scores indicating greater willingness. Univariate analysis, correlation analysis and multivariate linear regression analyses were used to identify factors influencing willingness.

Results:

Among 361 eligible participants, the mean (SD) willingness score of online psychotherapy is 70 (28.56). A total of 86.4% of participants preferred short-term therapy (1-10 sessions), while 92.5% expected the cost per session to remain under 400 yuan. Participants most preferred therapist-guided online individual therapy (39.3%). Convenience (34.3%) and perceived anonymity ("No one will know about the illness"; 33.0%) were the two dominant perceived benefits of online therapy. The leading barrier was concerns about data security and privacy (35.6%), followed by difficulty establishing therapeutic rapport (19.8%). The regression analysis revealed that age, self-stigma of seeking help (SSOSH total score), satisfaction with current psychiatric medications, and satisfaction with prior online psychotherapy significantly influenced patients' willingness to seek online psychotherapy.

Conclusions:

Our study found that Chinese patients with mental disorders demonstrate a relatively high willingness to engage in online psychotherapy, suggesting broad potential for its application in China.


 Citation

Please cite as:

Liu L, Gao B, Li Q, Ren H, Pan M, Zhong P, Li S, Zhang C, Zhang X, Liao J

Willingness of Patients With Mental Disorders to Engage in Online Psychotherapy: Multicenter Cross-Sectional Survey

JMIR Form Res 2026;10:e83299

DOI: 10.2196/83299

PMID: 41945903

Per the author's request the PDF is not available.

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