JMIR Publications

ABSTRACT

Background:

Musicians are at high risk for Playing-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders (PRMDs) due to prolonged static postures and asymmetrical movements. Despite the prevalence of these disorders, objective ergonomic assessments in orchestral settings are limited.

Objective:

This study aims to quantify postural asymmetries and their association with PRMDs, addressing a critical gap in preventive strategies for musicians' health.

Methods:

This cross-sectional study will enroll 250 professional musicians from Italian orchestras, excluding pianists. Postural assessments will be conducted in two phases—without and with the instrument—using the Physical Analyzer Portable, a non-invasive device for calibrated photo acquisition. Anatomical landmarks will be marked with ECG electrodes to measure inclination, rotation, and asymmetries in frontal and sagittal planes. Pain and disability will be evaluated using validated questionnaires (quickDASH, Modified Oswestry Index, Neck Disability Index). Data will be collected via REDCap and stored securely with pseudonymisation. Statistical analysis will include descriptive statistics, t-tests, chi-square tests, and regression models to explore associations between posture, pain, and PRMDs. A sample size of 250 allows estimation of a 50% pain prevalence with 6% precision at a 5% significance level.

Results:

This study will provide quantitative insights into postural deviations in orchestral musicians and their relationship with PRMDs. By comparing postures with and without instruments, the study will identify risk factors and compensatory behaviors contributing to musculoskeletal strain.

Conclusions:

The findings will support the development of targeted ergonomic interventions and inform future preventive strategies. The use of objective tools and standardized protocols ensures reproducibility and relevance across musical disciplines. Clinical Trial: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT06758349. Registration Date: 02 January 2025.