JMIR Publications

ABSTRACT

Background:

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is an intermediate state between normal aging and dementia, characterized by subjective cognitive decline and objective memory impairment. Cognitive training has consistently shown short-term benefits for individuals with MCI, but evidence on the long-term effectiveness is extremely limited. Given the progressive nature of MCI and the need for sustainable strategies to delay cognitive decline, research on the long-term impact of cognitive training is necessary and timely. Mobile-based platforms offer a promising solution by enhancing accessibility and adherence, but their durability of effect over extended periods remains underexplored.

Objective:

This study aimed to evaluate the long-term effects of a mobile-based cognitive training application on cognitive function of older adults with MCI.

Methods:

Twenty-eight older adults with MCI used Cogthera, a mobile cognitive training application based on metamemory training. Participants completed two training sessions daily for 3 months and nine continued for an additional 12 months. Cognitive function and quality of life were assessed using Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale-cognitive subscale 14 (ADAS-cog 14) and EuroQol-5 Dimensions-5 Level (EQ-5D-5L).

Results:

Cognitive function improved over 15 months, as measured by ADAS-cog 14 (F(2, 35.56)=7.08, P=.003). EQ-5D-5L scores increased at 3 months but did not show sustained change at 15 months (F(2, 42.14)=3.40, P=.04). Greater cognitive improvements were associated with younger age, higher functional status, and lower baseline cognitive function.

Conclusions:

This study showed that long-term use of a mobile-based metamemory cognitive training application was associated with cognitive improvements over 15 months. Although limited by the small sample size and the absence of a control group, these findings suggest potential for mobile cognitive training as a sustainable intervention that warrants validation in larger trials.