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Accepted for/Published in: JMIR Formative Research

Date Submitted: Jun 24, 2025
Open Peer Review Period: Jun 24, 2025 - Aug 19, 2025
Date Accepted: Dec 12, 2025
(closed for review but you can still tweet)

The final, peer-reviewed published version of this preprint can be found here:

Survey Evaluation of the Role of Social Media and Social Support for Transgender, Nonbinary, and Intersex People: Observational Study

Horsley R, Iloabuchi VC, Kling JM, Thompson B, Dodoo C, Dodoo C

Survey Evaluation of the Role of Social Media and Social Support for Transgender, Nonbinary, and Intersex People: Observational Study

JMIR Form Res 2026;10:e79614

DOI: 10.2196/79614

PMID: 41529163

PMCID: 12798915

Warning: This is an author submission that is not peer-reviewed or edited. Preprints - unless they show as "accepted" - should not be relied on to guide clinical practice or health-related behavior and should not be reported in news media as established information.

Survey evaluation of the role of social media and social support for transgender, non-binary and intersex people

  • Robert Horsley; 
  • Vivian C Iloabuchi; 
  • Juliana M Kling; 
  • Bithika Thompson; 
  • Christopher Dodoo; 
  • Christopher Dodoo

ABSTRACT

Background:

Transgender and gender diverse (TGD) individuals face health disparities linked to social determinants, including lack of support.

Objective:

This study evaluated social media use and social support among TGD patients at a transgender clinic.

Methods:

A survey assessing social media use, social support, and demographics was emailed to patients at a tertiary care TGD clinic.

Results:

Of 48 respondents (20% response rate), 50% identified as transfeminine, 29% as transmasculine, and 8% as non-binary. Nearly 70% reported monthly transphobia; 35% reported it weekly. Primary support came from significant others or friends (49%), with 13% citing online friends. Social media was primarily used to connect with queer/TGD communities, mainly via Discord, Reddit, and Instagram. Over half had never attended a gender-related support group, though 60% expressed interest.

Conclusions:

TGD individuals experience frequent transphobia and seek social support from personal and online connections. Many are open to support groups, suggesting a potential avenue to improve care


 Citation

Please cite as:

Horsley R, Iloabuchi VC, Kling JM, Thompson B, Dodoo C, Dodoo C

Survey Evaluation of the Role of Social Media and Social Support for Transgender, Nonbinary, and Intersex People: Observational Study

JMIR Form Res 2026;10:e79614

DOI: 10.2196/79614

PMID: 41529163

PMCID: 12798915

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