JMIR Publications

ABSTRACT

Background:

Optimal healing outcomes are much desirable and can be achieved with socket preservation to facilitate implant rehabilitation. In order to support bone regeneration and ridge preservation, this work investigates the use of novel combination of chitosan-based nanoparticles and titanium-prepared platelet-rich fibrin (T-PRF) in socket preservation.

Objective:

The objective of the study is to determine the impact of the intervention on bone quality by evaluating the reduction of vertical and horizontal alveolar ridge resorption following extraction by chitosan-based nanoparticles in combination with titanium-prepared platelet-rich fibrin (TPRF). The primary goal is to evaluate the retention of alveolar ridge dimensions over time by examining both vertical and horizontal bone loss. Additionally, bone density changes at baseline, three months, and six months will be assessed using radiographic analysis via Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT). The quality and quantity of newly produced bone tissue will also be assessed at the microscopic level through the use of histomorphometric analysis on bone samples that are taken after implant implantation.

Methods:

Seventeen systemically healthy patients will be included in the study. Socket preservation after atraumatic extraction will be done using combination of T-PRF, and chitosan-based nanoparticles. The clinical parameters of changes in alveolar height, width will be measured clinically, with the help of UNC 15 probe at baseline, 3 months and 6 months. Bone height, width, and density will be assessed by preoperative CBCT and postoperative CBCT three months and six months following surgery. Following receiving of bone samples during implant placement, histomorphometric analysis will be undertaken. Statistical analysis will be done using Student's paired t-test. At baseline, over three months, and for six months, the treatment groups shall be assessed by Student's unpaired t-test. If the probability [p] score is > 0.05, then the outcome is insignificant and if < 0.05, it is considered significant.

Results:

After 6 months, the combination of chitosan nanoparticles with T-PRF significantly minimized vertical and horizontal ridge resorption. CBCT showed improved bone density, and histomorphometric analysis confirmed enhanced new bone formation.

Conclusions:

Chitosan-based nanoparticles with T-PRF effectively preserve ridge dimensions and improve bone quality, making them a promising option for socket preservation. Clinical Trial: The Clinical Trials Registry of India has registered this single arm trial with reference number REF/2025/05106568.