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Accepted for/Published in: JMIR Medical Informatics

Date Submitted: Jun 24, 2025
Date Accepted: Jan 3, 2026
Date Submitted to PubMed: Jan 3, 2026

The final, peer-reviewed published version of this preprint can be found here:

Improving Clinical Decision-Making in Treating Airway Diseases With an Expert System Built Upon the Free AI Tool Google NotebookLM

Hsu CH, Hsu CL, Yang HY

Improving Clinical Decision-Making in Treating Airway Diseases With an Expert System Built Upon the Free AI Tool Google NotebookLM

JMIR Med Inform 2026;14:e78567

DOI: 10.2196/78567

PMID: 41483468

PMCID: 12902755

Warning: This is an author submission that is not peer-reviewed or edited. Preprints - unless they show as "accepted" - should not be relied on to guide clinical practice or health-related behavior and should not be reported in news media as established information.

Improving Clinical Decision-Making in Treating Airway Diseases With an Expert System Built Upon the Free AI Tool Google NotebookLM(R)

  • Cheng-Hao Hsu; 
  • Ching-Li Hsu; 
  • Hung-Yu Yang

ABSTRACT

We used the free AI tool Google NotebookLM(R) powered by the large language model Gemini 2.0 to construct a medical decision-making aid specifically for the diagnosis and management of airway diseases. After feeding this tool with relevant published clinical guidelines for these diseases, we tested extensively various aspects of this system, including its behavior, ability, and potential. We also made simulated clinical cases and used this system to solve associated medical problems. We concluded that this system is customizable, low-cost, and self-operable for a clinician without any computer coding experience. It deserves to be deployed to other medical disciplines to improve the efficiency of medical practice.


 Citation

Please cite as:

Hsu CH, Hsu CL, Yang HY

Improving Clinical Decision-Making in Treating Airway Diseases With an Expert System Built Upon the Free AI Tool Google NotebookLM

JMIR Med Inform 2026;14:e78567

DOI: 10.2196/78567

PMID: 41483468

PMCID: 12902755

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