JMIR Publications

ABSTRACT

Artificial intelligence (AI) is reshaping medical education globally through personalized learning platforms, virtual simulations, automated assessments, and data-driven decision-making. However, the integration of AI into medical education remains uneven, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. In Vietnam, despite increasing interest, AI implementation in medical training is hindered by structural, technological, and cultural challenges. This viewpoint aims to explore the current landscape of AI in Vietnamese medical education, assess its opportunities and limitations, and offer actionable recommendations for future integration. Our work highlights areas of potential innovation and examines contextual barriers through thematic analysis. AI has the potential to address critical issues in Vietnamese medical education, including high student-to-faculty ratios, limited clinical exposure, and uneven digital resources. Opportunities include adaptive learning, clinical simulations, automated assessment, and institutional analytics. However, widespread implementation is challenged by limited AI literacy among students and educators, inadequate infrastructure, particularly in rural institutions, unclear regulatory frameworks on ethics and data privacy, and resistance to pedagogical change. The absence of national strategies and standardized curricula further exacerbates these gaps. To harness the benefits of AI in medical education, Vietnam must adopt a strategic and inclusive approach. Key priorities include integrating AI literacy into medical curricula, investing in digital infrastructure, training faculty, developing ethical guidelines, and fostering cross-sector collaboration. Strengthening these foundations will support equitable, future-ready medical education aligned with global trends in digital health.