JMIR Publications

ABSTRACT

Background:

The HIV prevalence among men who have sex with men (MSM) students in China is substantially higher than that in the general student population.However, targeted interventions for this vulnerable population remain limited. While digital technologies and peer-led approaches have shown promise in HIV prevention among MSM, their application in university settings is underexplored.

Objective:

This study aims to evaluate the implementation and effectiveness of a multilevel, internet-based peer intervention model in reducing HIV and syphilis incidence, improving prevention behaviors, and increasing uptake of HIV-related services among MSM students attending university in Chengdu.

Methods:

This prospective before-and-after self-controlled cohort study will evaluate the effectiveness of a 12-month internet-based intervention targeting MSM university students in Chengdu. A total of 484 HIV-negative MSM students will be recruited through WeChat and Blued. Trained student volunteers, supervised by CBO staff, will deliver monthly health education, one-on-one counseling, post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) navigation, and HIV/STI self-testing kits via secure online platforms. Participants will complete behavioral surveys and HIV/syphilis/HCV/HBsAg self-tests at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months. Primary outcomes include changes in HIV and syphilis incidence rates; secondary outcomes include changes in sexual behaviors, HIV/STI testing frequency, PrEP/PEP uptake, and knowledge improvement.

Results:

As of May 1, the intervention materials and training program have been finalized, and recruitment has begun. Enrollment of participants started in April 2025. By the end of April, 127 participants had completed baseline surveys and HIV/STI self-tests.

Conclusions:

This study is the first in China to implement a multilevel, peer-led digital intervention model tailored specifically to MSM university students. By integrating behavioral and biomedical strategies through accessible online platforms, the intervention seeks to address service gaps and inform future HIV prevention strategies. If effective, the findings will provide a scalable model for youth-focused HIV prevention in similar contexts. Clinical Trial: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2500100825), registered on 15 April 2025.