Accepted for/Published in: Journal of Medical Internet Research
Date Submitted: Feb 12, 2025
Open Peer Review Period: Feb 12, 2025 - Apr 9, 2025
Date Accepted: May 7, 2025
(closed for review but you can still tweet)
Developing requirements for a digital self-care intervention for adults with heart failure: a qualitative workshop study
ABSTRACT
Background:
Heart failure is a complex syndrome that requires long-term management including self-care. The rapid advancement of mobile and digital technologies has opened new avenues for developing digital health interventions to facilitate self-care for people with heart failure.
Objective:
The purpose of this study is to explore what barriers people with heart failure in Australia face to self-care in their daily lives and to determine what an intervention must provide to support this.
Methods:
Four workshops were held with people with heart failure (n=16) and informal caregivers (n=4). These workshops had three main objectives: to explore the self-care challenges experienced by people with heart failure and their caregivers, to gain preliminary ideas for features and functions of a digital health-based intervention, and to understand the user requirements for the intervention. Analysis of the workshops was informed by a requirements analysis method and stages of intervention development outlined by the Behavior Change Wheel (BCW), which encompasses the capability, opportunity, motivation, and behavior (COM-B) model, the theoretical domains framework (TDF) and intervention functions.
Results:
All three COM-B domains and all but three TDF domains were found to be relevant to the self-care challenges experienced by people with heart failure. Analysis of participants’ ideas for possible intervention components resulted in the production of six components for the intervention and aligned with seven intervention functions (education, persuasion, incentivization, training, environmental restructuring, modelling, and enablement). Requirements for the intervention were grouped into seven themes to describe ‘how’ the intervention must function or operate to support self-care among people with heart failure.
Conclusions:
User-centered design (UCD) can augment theory-based intervention development processes by providing an intermediary output for a potential intervention which then allows further consideration of solutions by multidisciplinary design teams and future intervention users.
Citation
Request queued. Please wait while the file is being generated. It may take some time.
Copyright
© The authors. All rights reserved. This is a privileged document currently under peer-review/community review (or an accepted/rejected manuscript). Authors have provided JMIR Publications with an exclusive license to publish this preprint on it's website for review and ahead-of-print citation purposes only. While the final peer-reviewed paper may be licensed under a cc-by license on publication, at this stage authors and publisher expressively prohibit redistribution of this draft paper other than for review purposes.