JMIR Publications

ABSTRACT

Background:

Cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) is frequently reported during cancer treatment, with 35% experiencing cognitive issues even after treatment completion. Commonly reported impairments include difficulties with memory, attention, executive functioning, and processing speed, which often detract from daily functioning and quality of life (QoL). Despite its prevalence, CRCI remains under-researched across common cancers, limiting understanding of the patient experience. This review aims to examine the evidence regarding the experience of CRCI across common cancers. It also aims to understand the frequency of CRCI among different cancer types, the affected cognitive domains, and its impact on QoL and functional ability.

Objective:

This qualitative systematic review aims to examine the evidence regarding the experience of CRCI across common cancers. It also aims to understand the frequency of CRCI among different cancer types, the affected cognitive domains, and its impact on QoL and functional ability.

Methods:

A systematic review was conducted using PRISMA methodology (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses). A comprehensive search of databases, including PubMed, APA PsycInfo, CINAHL, and Scopus, was performed. Articles relating to the experience of CRCI using qualitative/ mixed methods were included. Two independent reviewers screened titles, abstracts, and full texts, with a third reviewer resolving conflicts during the inclusion process. The CASP (Critical Appraisal Skills Programme) checklist was used for data extraction and quality assessment. The data were analysed using thematic analysis.

Results:

The database search identified 9,316 papers; 41 were included for analysis. The analysis revealed 4 themes. “Cognitive Challenges”, explores the impacted cognitive domains such as memory and concentration; “Navigating Employment”, discusses challenges associated with return to work, support, and disclosure; “Emotional, Behavioural, and Psychological Impacts”, explores emotional and psychological responses; and “Support Systems”, emphasises the role of social and healthcare support.

Conclusions:

This qualitative systematic review highlights the significant disruption CRCI causes in daily life, stressing the need for increased awareness, standardised screening, and further research into digital interventions. Improved management of CRCI can support cancer survivors reintegrate into their daily lives and employment.