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Accepted for/Published in: JMIR Medical Education

Date Submitted: Jan 8, 2025
Open Peer Review Period: Jan 8, 2025 - Mar 5, 2025
Date Accepted: Sep 9, 2025
(closed for review but you can still tweet)

The final, peer-reviewed published version of this preprint can be found here:

Application of AI Communication Training Tools in Medical Undergraduate Education: Mixed Methods Feasibility Study Within a Primary Care Context

Jacobs C, Johnson H, Tan N, Brownlie K, Joiner R, Thompson T

Application of AI Communication Training Tools in Medical Undergraduate Education: Mixed Methods Feasibility Study Within a Primary Care Context

JMIR Med Educ 2025;11:e70766

DOI: 10.2196/70766

PMID: 41135055

PMCID: 12551969

Warning: This is an author submission that is not peer-reviewed or edited. Preprints - unless they show as "accepted" - should not be relied on to guide clinical practice or health-related behavior and should not be reported in news media as established information.

Application of Artificial Intelligence Communication Training Tools in Medical Undergraduate Education: mixed methods feasibility study within a Primary Care Context

  • Chris Jacobs; 
  • Hans Johnson; 
  • Nina Tan; 
  • Kirsty Brownlie; 
  • Richard Joiner; 
  • Trevor Thompson

ABSTRACT

Background:

Effective communication is fundamental to high-quality healthcare delivery, influencing patient satisfaction, adherence to treatment plans, and clinical outcomes. However, communication skills training for medical undergraduates often faces challenges in scalability, resource allocation, and personalization. Traditional methods, such as role-playing with standardized patients, are resource-intensive and may not provide consistent feedback tailored to individual learners' needs. Artificial Intelligence (AI) offers realistic patient interactions for education.

Objective:

This study aims to investigate the application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) -powered communication training tools in medical undergraduate education within a primary care context. The study evaluates the effectiveness, usability, and impact of AI virtual patients (VPs) on medical students' experience in communication skills practice

Methods:

A mixed methods sequential explanatory design was employed, comprising a quantitative survey followed by qualitative focus group discussions. Eighteen participants, including 15 medical students and 3 practicing doctors, engaged with an AI VP simulating a primary care consultation for prostate cancer risk assessment. The AI VP was designed using a large language model (LLM) and natural voice synthesis to create realistic patient interactions. The survey assessed five domains: fidelity, immersion, intrinsic motivation, debrief, and system usability. Focus groups explored participants' experiences, challenges, and perceived educational value of the AI tool.

Results:

A mixed methods sequential explanatory design was employed, comprising a quantitative survey followed by qualitative focus group discussions. Eighteen participants, including 15 medical students and 3 practicing doctors, engaged with an AI VP simulating a primary care consultation for prostate cancer risk assessment. The AI VP was designed using a large language model (LLM) and natural voice synthesis to create realistic patient interactions. The survey assessed five domains: fidelity, immersion, intrinsic motivation, debrief, and system usability. Focus groups explored participants' experiences, challenges, and perceived educational value of the AI tool.

Conclusions:

AI can significantly enhance communication skills training for medical undergraduates by providing a scalable, accessible, and realistic simulation environment. Despite some technical challenges, the AI tool was well-received, indicating its potential for broader adoption in medical education. Continued development and refinement of AI technologies will be essential to prepare future healthcare professionals for real-world patient interactions.


 Citation

Please cite as:

Jacobs C, Johnson H, Tan N, Brownlie K, Joiner R, Thompson T

Application of AI Communication Training Tools in Medical Undergraduate Education: Mixed Methods Feasibility Study Within a Primary Care Context

JMIR Med Educ 2025;11:e70766

DOI: 10.2196/70766

PMID: 41135055

PMCID: 12551969

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