JMIR Publications

ABSTRACT

Background:

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) affects 2-3% of adolescents, with conservative treatments like bracing and physiotherapeutic scoliosis-specific exercises (PSSE) recommended for mild to moderate cases. However, patient compliance with these treatments is often low. Digital tools, such as smartphone apps and web applications, can help monitor spinal curvature, facilitate remote consultations, and reduce healthcare professionals' workload. These tools may also improve adherence by offering motivation and real-time feedback, particularly for patients facing challenges like brace discomfort or self-esteem issues. Despite the potential benefits, there is a significant gap in research regarding how digital health technologies can specifically enhance the conservative treatment of AIS and improve patient outcomes.

Objective:

This study aimed to explore stakeholders’ perceptions of using digital health technologies to improve conservative treatment of AIS.

Methods:

This qualitative research study was conducted in Norway involving 17 participants, including one medical doctor, two physiotherapists, eight patients, four family caregivers, and two IT specialists. Following approvals from the authorities and adherence to Norwegian regulations, as well as approval of the study protocol, patients were recruited through The Norwegian Spine and Back Pain Organization. A portion of the sample was recruited through direct communication from one of the researchers. Five focus group interviews were conducted between April and June 2023, after obtaining written informed consent from all participants. Data were transcribed, translated, and analyzed using thematic analysis, with the analysis reviewed by two independent researchers.

Results:

The analysis highlighted the need for better education on AIS among health personnel, community support for patients, and improved healthcare services. Participants valued multilingual information, peer connections, and digital communication with health professionals to enhance treatment compliance and reduce the burden on healthcare systems.

Conclusions:

Key findings highlighted the need for accessible information, peer support, and better communication with healthcare providers, with gamification enhancing treatment adherence. The findings from this study highlight the potential of digital health technologies to enhance the management of AIS, improve patient outcomes, and elevate the overall quality of care, providing a foundation for future practice and research in this area. Clinical Trial: no