Accepted for/Published in: Journal of Medical Internet Research
Date Submitted: Oct 25, 2024
Date Accepted: Mar 20, 2025
Digital Health Interventions To Prevent Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review
ABSTRACT
Background:
Digital health interventions (DHIs) have rapidly evolved and significantly revolutionized the healthcare system. The Quadruple Aims of healthcare - improving population health, enhancing consumer and healthcare provider experience and decreasing health costs - serve as a strategic guiding framework for DHIs. It is unknown how DHIs can impact the burden of type 2 diabetes, as measured by the Quadruple Aims.
Objective:
To systematically review the effects of DHIs on improving the burden of type 2 diabetes as measured by the Quadruple Aims.
Methods:
PubMed, Embase, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health and Web of Science were searched for studies published in the last ten years, from January 2014 to March 2024. Outcomes were mapped to the Quadruple Aims: population health, consumer experience, healthcare provider experience and healthcare costs and were categorised using World Health Organisation’s DHI classification. Their effects on the Quadruple Aims were evaluated.
Results:
In total, 53 articles were included. Of the ten studies reporting on the development of type 2 diabetes, one study posted positive effects of DHIs while nine posted neutral effects. Of the 47 studies reporting on dysglycemia outcome, positive effects were in twenty-three studies, neutral in 24 studies. There were mixed effects on consumer experience (n=13), a lack of studies reporting HCP experience (n=1) and healthcare costs (n=3). Targeted communication to persons, personal health tracking and telemedicine showed some evidence as a potentially useful tool for type 2 diabetes prevention and dysglycemia.
Conclusions:
The effects of DHIs on type 2 diabetes prevention, as measured by the Quadruple Aims, are not comprehensively assessed, with proven benefits for population health, mixed results for consumer experience, and insufficient studies on healthcare provider experience and healthcare costs. To maximize their effectiveness in preventing type 2 diabetes and managing dysglycemia, DHIs should be used in combination and strategically integrated with in-person or remote HCP interaction. Clinical Trial: The protocol of our systematic review was prospectively registered at PROSPERO (registration number CRD42024512690)
Citation
Request queued. Please wait while the file is being generated. It may take some time.
Copyright
© The authors. All rights reserved. This is a privileged document currently under peer-review/community review (or an accepted/rejected manuscript). Authors have provided JMIR Publications with an exclusive license to publish this preprint on it's website for review and ahead-of-print citation purposes only. While the final peer-reviewed paper may be licensed under a cc-by license on publication, at this stage authors and publisher expressively prohibit redistribution of this draft paper other than for review purposes.