Accepted for/Published in: Journal of Medical Internet Research
Date Submitted: Oct 2, 2024
Date Accepted: Apr 30, 2025
The influence of eHealth stress management interventions on psychological health parameters in patients with cardiovascular disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis
ABSTRACT
Background:
Chronic stress is a critical factor influencing both physical and mental health. It can weaken the immune system, affect cardiovascular health, and lower quality of life, often leading to psychological disorders like anxiety and depression.
Objective:
To address these issues, this study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of eHealth stress management interventions on psychological health parameters, specifically anxiety, depression, stress, and quality of life in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD).
Methods:
A comprehensive search was conducted across several databases, including the Cochrane Library, APA PsycInfo, Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, and clinical trial registers. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the impact of eHealth stress management interventions on the specified psychological outcomes in CVD patients were included. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed using standard mean difference (SMD) as the effect size, with a sensitivity analysis using mean difference (MD).
Results:
Six studies were considered in the meta-analysis. After the intervention period, a significant reduction in depressive symptoms (SMD = -0.46, MD = -2.33, p<0.001), as assessed by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), was observed in the intervention group compared to the control group. Mental health-related quality of life, assessed by the subscale of the 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12), showed significant improvement (SMD = 0.38, MD = 3.89, p<0.001) in the intervention group in comparison to the control group following the intervention period.
Conclusions:
The meta-analysis demonstrates that eHealth stress management interventions substantially improve psychological health parameters in patients with CVD. Given the significant positive impact, healthcare providers should consider integrating eHealth stress management programs into standard care for CVD patients. These programs can be a valuable tool in mitigating the psychological burdens associated with chronic cardiovascular conditions, ultimately improving overall patient outcomes and quality of life. Clinical Trial: CRD42024495179
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