Accepted for/Published in: JMIR Formative Research
Date Submitted: Sep 17, 2024
Open Peer Review Period: Sep 19, 2024 - Nov 14, 2024
Date Accepted: Mar 12, 2025
(closed for review but you can still tweet)
Warning: This is an author submission that is not peer-reviewed or edited. Preprints - unless they show as "accepted" - should not be relied on to guide clinical practice or health-related behavior and should not be reported in news media as established information.
Development and User Experience of a Web-Based Nutrition Intervention to Promote Dairy Product Consumption among Families: Randomized Control Trial
ABSTRACT
Background:
Insufficient adherence to dietary guidelines highlights the need for interventions promoting healthy eating that includes dairy consumption among Canadian families. Research suggests that web-based interventions rooted in user research and theories effectively promote behavior change. However, few theory-driven web interventions target dairy product consumption in families.
Objective:
This study aims to describe the development process of a web-based nutrition intervention named “Dairyathlon” promoting dairy product (DP) consumption among families, using the IDEAS (Ideate, Design, Assess, and Share) framework.
Methods:
Following the IDEAS framework, family insights and beliefs about DP were gathered through ethnographic study and interviews. Behavior change techniques to enhance attitudes and perceived behavioral control toward DP consumption were developed based on the Theory of planned behavior. These techniques underwent a design process, including testing and adjustment of prototypes. The web-based platform user experience was assessed using the AttrakDiff questionnaire among families and compared to a reference website (Canadian Food Guide (CFG)). The AttrakDiff questionnaire measures pragmatic (PQ), hedonic stimulation (HSQ) and identity (HIQ), and attractiveness (ATT) dimensions of the web-based platform, with scores ranging from -3 to +3 (scores > 1 are optimal, 0-1 are acceptable, and < 0 are suboptimal).
Results:
Between April 2019 and August 2020, the Dairyathlon web-based intervention was developed for families to enhance attitudes and perceived control toward DP consumption, following the IDEAS framework. The user experience assessment of the Dairyathlon web-based platform among 29 families showed an optimal global score (1.4±0.8) and scored higher than the reference website (1.0±0.6; p=0.02) assessed among 15 families. After using the Dairyathlon, children (n=45) rated the four dimensions: PQ (1.4±1.0), HSQ (1.6±1.0), HIQ (1.4±1.1), and ATT (1.7±0.9), as optimal. Parents (n=50) rated dimensions as optimal, except for the stimulation quality (PQ: 1.2±1.0; HSQ: 0.9±0.8; HIQ: 1.4±0.8, and ATT: 1.6±0.8).
Conclusions:
This study shows that the IDEAS framework was useful in developing a web-based intervention that promotes the consumption of DP. The web-based platform user experience is classified as optimal. However, the stimulation dimension needs to be improved for adults. Future studies will evaluate the impact of the Dairyathlon web-based intervention on DP consumption and families' health and diet quality. Clinical Trial: NCT05417347
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