JMIR Publications

ABSTRACT

Background:

Pregnancy often involves significant stress due to physical changes, fears related to childbirth, and anxiety about new roles. Effective stress management is critical to prevent adverse outcomes such as preterm labor or complications. With the growing integration of digital technologies in healthcare, digital interventions have emerged as promising tools for managing stress during pregnancy.

Objective:

This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate the current landscape and effectiveness of digital interventions designed to alleviate stress in pregnant women.

Methods:

A comprehensive search of databases including CINAHL, Cochrane, Embase, and PubMed was conducted, adhering to PRISMA guidelines. Studies focusing on digital interventions for stress management in pregnant women were selected based on predefined eligibility criteria. Data were extracted and analyzed using both descriptive and meta-analytic techniques, with a focus on intervention strategies, delivery modes, and stress outcomes.

Results:

A total of 15 studies were included, with the majority utilizing mobile apps, websites, and telemedicine platforms. Digital interventions were found to be effective in reducing stress among pregnant women, with mobile apps showing specific efficacy. Strategies such as mindfulness, education only, and education with additional relaxation or support contents were frequently employed and found to be beneficial. This study also highlighted the importance of incorporating monitoring, feedback, and reminder functions to enhance user engagement and intervention effectiveness.

Conclusions:

Digital interventions, particularly mobile apps, offer a valuable and accessible means of managing stress during pregnancy. The integration of multiple strategies and functionalities within these interventions addresses the complex and multifaceted nature of stress. Future research should focus on standardizing intervention protocols and exploring their applicability across diverse socio-economic settings to maximize their impact on maternal health outcomes.