JMIR Publications

ABSTRACT

Background:

Social media has been extensively used by the public to seek information and share views on health issues. Recently, the proper and off-label use of semaglutide drugs for weight loss have attracted huge media attention and led to temporary supply shortage.

Objective:

The aim of the present study was to perform a content analysis on English YouTube videos related to semaglutide.

Methods:

YouTube was searched with the words semaglutide, Ozempic, Wegovy, and Rybelsus. The first 30 full-length videos (videos without a time limit) and 30 shorts (videos that are no longer than 1 minute) resulted from each search word were recorded. After discounting duplicates resulted from multiple searches, a total of 96 full-length videos and 93 shorts were analyzed. Video content was evaluated by three tools: a custom checklist, Global Quality Score and Modified DISCERN. Readability and sentiment of the transcripts were also assessed.

Results:

There was no significant difference in the mean number of views between full-length videos and shorts (288,563.1 vs 188,465.2, P = .298). The former had better content quality in terms of GQS, Modified DISCERN, and number of mentioned points from the custom checklist (all P < .001). The transcript readability of both types of the videos was at the fairly easy level, and mainly had a neutral tone. Full-length videos from health sources had a higher content quality in terms of GQS and Modified DISCERN (both P < .001) than their counterparts.

Conclusions:

The analyzed videos lacked coverage of several important aspects, including the lack of long-term data, the persistence of side effects due to the long half-life of semaglutide, and the risk of counterfeit drugs. It is crucial for the public to be aware that videos cannot replace the consultation from the physician.