Accepted for/Published in: JMIR Medical Informatics
Date Submitted: Apr 21, 2024
Date Accepted: Jul 21, 2024
Implementation of WHO Minimum Data Set for Emergency Medical Team to Create Disaster Profiles for the Indonesian SATUSEHAT Platform using FHIR: A Development and Validation Study
ABSTRACT
Background:
The National Disaster Management Agency (BNPB) handles disaster management in Indonesia as a health cluster by collecting, storing, and reporting the state of health and survivors from various sources during disasters. Data were collected on paper and transferred to an Excel spreadsheet. These activities are challenging because there are no standards for data collection. The World Health Organization (WHO) introduced a standard for health data collection during disasters for Emergency Medical Teams (EMTs) in the form of a minimum data set (MDS). Meanwhile, the Ministry of Health of Indonesia launched the SATUSEHAT platform to integrate all electronic medical records in Indonesia based on the Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR).
Objective:
This study aims to implement the WHO EMT MDS to create a disaster profile for the SATUSEHAT platform using FHIR.
Methods:
We extracted variables from two EMT-MDS medical records, the WHO and ASEAN versions, and daily reporting forms. We then performed a mapping process to match these variables with the FHIR resources and analyzed the gaps between the variables and base resources. Next, we conducted profiling to see if there were any changes in the selected resources and created extensions to fill the gap using the Forge application. Subsequently, the profile was implemented using an open-source FHIR server.
Results:
The total variables extracted from the WHO EMT MDS, ASEAN EMT MDS, and daily reporting forms were n=30, 31, and 46, with the percentage of variables matching FHIR resources at n=30 (100%), n=30 (96.77%), and n=39 (84.78%), respectively. From the 40 resources available in the FHIR ID core, we used n=11, n=14, and n=9 for the WHO EMT MDS, ASEAN EMT MDS, and the daily reporting form, respectively. Based on gap analysis, we found four variables in the daily reporting forms that were not covered by the resources. Thus, we created extensions to address this gap.
Conclusions:
We successfully created a disaster profile that can be used as a disaster case for the SATUSEHAT platform. This profile may standardize health data collection during disasters.
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