Accepted for/Published in: JMIR Formative Research
Date Submitted: Apr 11, 2024
Open Peer Review Period: Apr 1, 2024 - May 27, 2024
Date Accepted: Sep 11, 2024
(closed for review but you can still tweet)
E-health Communication Intervention to Promote Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccination Among Middle-school girls: Development and Usability Study
ABSTRACT
Background:
As the age of initiating sexual intercourse has gradually decreased among South Korean adolescents, earlier vaccination of adolescents for human papillomavirus(HPV) is necessary before their exposure to HPV. Health communication is included as “cues to action” that induce preventive health behaviors and recently, social networking services(SNS) with less time and space constraints are being used in various studies as e-health communication.
Objective:
This study aims to investigate the feasibility, usability of e-health communication intervention for middle school girls and their mothers for HPV vaccination in middle school girls.
Methods:
The e-health communication intervention for HPV vaccination was developed using the six-steps Intervention Mapping process; need assessments, setting program outcomes, selection of a theory-based method and practical strategies, development of the intervention, implementation plan, testing the validity of the intervention.
Results:
A review of 10 studies identified effective health communication messages, delivery methods, and theories for HPV vaccination among adolescents. Barriers including low knowledge, perceived threat, and inconvenience of taking two doses of the vaccine were identified through focus groups, suggesting a need for youth-friendly and easy-to-understand information to adolescents using mobile. The expected outcome and the performance objectives are specifically tailored to reflect the vaccination intention. Behavior change techniques were applied, utilizing trusted sources and a health belief model. Health messages improved awareness and self-efficacy, delivered through a KakaoTalk chatbot. Quality control was ensured with a usage log system. The experts’ chatbot usability average score was 80.13±8.15 and the average score of girls was 84.06±7.61.
Conclusions:
Future studies need to verify the effectiveness of health communication strategies in promoting HPV vaccination and the effectiveness of scientific intervention using a chatbot as a delivery method for the intervention. Clinical Trial: KCT0006692 (2021-10-29) (https://trialsearch.who.int/Trial2.aspx?TrialID=KCT0006692)
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