Maintenance Notice

Due to necessary scheduled maintenance, the JMIR Publications website will be unavailable from Wednesday, July 01, 2020 at 8:00 PM to 10:00 PM EST. We apologize in advance for any inconvenience this may cause you.

Who will be affected?

Accepted for/Published in: JMIR Human Factors

Date Submitted: Mar 21, 2024
Date Accepted: Jan 15, 2025

The final, peer-reviewed published version of this preprint can be found here:

The Utilization of Electronic Consultations (eConsults) to Address Emerging Questions Related to Long COVID-19 in Ontario, Canada: Mixed Methods Analysis

Singh J, Quon M, Goulet D, Keely E, Liddy C

The Utilization of Electronic Consultations (eConsults) to Address Emerging Questions Related to Long COVID-19 in Ontario, Canada: Mixed Methods Analysis

JMIR Hum Factors 2025;12:e58582

DOI: 10.2196/58582

PMID: 40019816

PMCID: 11887793

The utilization of eConsults to address emerging questions related to long Covid-19 in Ontario, Canada: a mixed-methods analysis

  • Jatinderpreet Singh; 
  • Michael Quon; 
  • Danica Goulet; 
  • Erin Keely; 
  • Clare Liddy

ABSTRACT

Background:

Long COVID is an often-debilitating condition affecting millions of people. Its diverse clinical presentations make effective diagnosis and management at the primary care level difficult, while specialist services for long-COVID face extensive wait times. An electronic consultation (eConsult) program in Ontario developed a long COVID specialist group to allow primary care providers (PCPs) prompt access to specialist advice for patients with long COVID.

Objective:

To assess patterns of service use, response times, impact, and clinical content of eConsult cases submitted to an eConsult long COVID specialist group in Ontario.

Methods:

This study is a mixed-methods analysis of eConsults submitted by PCPs to the long COVID specialist group of two eConsult services (Champlain eConsult BASE™ and Ontario eConsult) between June 1st, 2021 and July 31st, 2022. Data sources included usage data collected automatically by the services, responses to a mandatory closeout survey, and the content of PCP questions and specialist responses (Champlain eConsult BASE™ service only). Clinical questions/responses were analyzed using two validated taxonomies. Descriptive statistics were used for survey responses and usage data.

Results:

Forty PCPs submitted 47 eConsults through Champlain eConsult BASE™ and 197 PCPs submitted 228 cases through Ontario eConsult. Median specialist response time was 0.6 days (range = 0.003-14.31). The five most common symptoms of long COVID were fatigue (n = 14, 29.8%), dyspnea (n = 7, 14.9%), cough (n = 6, 12.8%), altered sense of smell (i.e., anosmia, parosmia) (n = 6, 12.8%), and cognitive changes (n = 6, 12.8%). The five main question categories asked by PCPs were: (1) management of chronic symptoms of COVID-19, (2) need for additional work-up or follow-up testing, (3) community resources to support/manage patients with long COVID, (4) diagnostic clarification, and (5) guidance regarding COVID-19 vaccination.

Conclusions:

The long COVID groups provided rapid access to a multi-specialty service that facilitated the avoidance of unnecessary face-to-face referrals. An assessment of eConsults highlighted five common question types, providing insight into potential gaps in knowledge among PCPs that could help guide medical education and policy. Clinical Trial: n/a


 Citation

Please cite as:

Singh J, Quon M, Goulet D, Keely E, Liddy C

The Utilization of Electronic Consultations (eConsults) to Address Emerging Questions Related to Long COVID-19 in Ontario, Canada: Mixed Methods Analysis

JMIR Hum Factors 2025;12:e58582

DOI: 10.2196/58582

PMID: 40019816

PMCID: 11887793

Download PDF


Request queued. Please wait while the file is being generated. It may take some time.

© The authors. All rights reserved. This is a privileged document currently under peer-review/community review (or an accepted/rejected manuscript). Authors have provided JMIR Publications with an exclusive license to publish this preprint on it's website for review and ahead-of-print citation purposes only. While the final peer-reviewed paper may be licensed under a cc-by license on publication, at this stage authors and publisher expressively prohibit redistribution of this draft paper other than for review purposes.