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Accepted for/Published in: Journal of Medical Internet Research

Date Submitted: Mar 3, 2024
Open Peer Review Period: Mar 7, 2024 - May 2, 2024
Date Accepted: Oct 30, 2024
(closed for review but you can still tweet)

The final, peer-reviewed published version of this preprint can be found here:

Machine Learning–Based Explainable Automated Nonlinear Computation Scoring System for Health Score and an Application for Prediction of Perioperative Stroke: Retrospective Study

Oh MY, Kim HS, Jung YM, Lee HC, Lee SB, Lee SM

Machine Learning–Based Explainable Automated Nonlinear Computation Scoring System for Health Score and an Application for Prediction of Perioperative Stroke: Retrospective Study

J Med Internet Res 2025;27:e58021

DOI: 10.2196/58021

PMID: 40106818

PMCID: 11966079

Warning: This is an author submission that is not peer-reviewed or edited. Preprints - unless they show as "accepted" - should not be relied on to guide clinical practice or health-related behavior and should not be reported in news media as established information.

Explainable Automated Non-linear Computation scoring system for Health (EACH) score : a Machine Learning based Explainable Automated Nonlinear Computation scoring system for Health and an application for prediction of perioperative stroke

  • Mi-Young Oh; 
  • Hee-Soo Kim; 
  • Young Mi Jung; 
  • Hyung-Chul Lee; 
  • Seung-Bo Lee; 
  • Seung Mi Lee

ABSTRACT

Background:

Machine learning (ML) has the potential to enhance performance by capturing nonlinear interactions. However, ML-based models have some limitations in terms of interpretability.

Objective:

To address this, we developed and validated a more comprehensible and efficient ML-based scoring system using SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) values.

Methods:

We developed and validated the Explainable Automated nonlinear Computation for Health (EACH) framework score. We developed CatBoost based prediction model, identified key features, and automatically detected the top five steepest slope change points based on SHAP plots. Subsequently, we developed a scoring system (EACH) and normalized the score. Finally, the EACH score was used to predict perioperative stroke.

Results:

When applied for perioperative stroke prediction among 44,901 patients undergoing noncardiac surgery, the EACH score achieved an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.829 [95% CI, 0.753-0.892]. In the external validation, the EACH score demonstrated superior predictive performance with an AUC of 0.784 [95% CI, 0.694-0.871] compared to a traditional score (AUC of 0.528 [95% CI, 0.457-0.619]) and another ML-based scoring generator (AUC of 0.784 [95% CI, 0.694-0.871]).

Conclusions:

The EACH score is a more precise, explainable ML-based risk tool, proven effective in real-world data, outperforming traditional scoring system.


 Citation

Please cite as:

Oh MY, Kim HS, Jung YM, Lee HC, Lee SB, Lee SM

Machine Learning–Based Explainable Automated Nonlinear Computation Scoring System for Health Score and an Application for Prediction of Perioperative Stroke: Retrospective Study

J Med Internet Res 2025;27:e58021

DOI: 10.2196/58021

PMID: 40106818

PMCID: 11966079

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