JMIR Publications

ABSTRACT

Background:

Background:

Sex is a crucial factor in the development, progression, and treatment of cancer, making it vital to examine cancer incidence trends by sex for effective prevention strategies.

Objective:

Objective:

This study aimed to assess the incidence of cancer in China between 2007 and 2021, with a focus on sex-based trends.

Methods:

Methods:

A population-based cancer registry comprising 14.14 million individuals was conducted between 2007 and 2021 by the Beijing Municipal Health Big Data and Policy Research Center. The age-standardized cancer rates (ASR) were calculated using the Segi’s population. The average annual percentage of change (AAPC) was evaluated using the Joinpoint regression model, while the Bayesian age-period-cohort model was employed to predict cancer incidence in the next ten years.

Results:

Results:

The study included 651342 incident cancer patients, of whom 51.22% were women. The incidence indicated by ASRs for all cancers combined were 201 per 100,000 for women and 184 per 100,000 for men. The increase in incidence indicated by AAPC for all malignancies combined significantly increased in women between 2007 and 2021 (3.1 %, P< 0.05), whereas it remained constant in men (0.3%, P > 0.05). Although the overall incidence of all cancers indicated by AAPC increased in young men (3.2%), the greatest increase was observed among young women (6.1%). The incidence rate ratio for cancer in women increased among subsequent younger generations compared with patients born in the 1962-1966 cohort. The ASR in women will increase 1.55-fold over the next 10 years, with females having twice the incidence rate of males by 2031.

Conclusions:

Conclusion The rising incidence of cancer among women in China has become a growing concern, emphasizing the need for increased efforts in cancer prevention and early screening, especially among young women.