Accepted for/Published in: Journal of Medical Internet Research
Date Submitted: Dec 8, 2023
Open Peer Review Period: Dec 8, 2023 - Feb 2, 2024
Date Accepted: Jul 24, 2024
(closed for review but you can still tweet)
Clinical Decision Support and Natural Language Processing in Medicine: Systematic Literature Review
ABSTRACT
Background:
Ensuring access to accurate and verified information is essential for effective patient treatment and diagnosis. Although health workers rely on the Internet for clinical data, there is a need for a more streamlined approach.
Objective:
This systematic review aims to assess the current state of Artificial Intelligence and natural language processing techniques in healthcare to identify their potential use in electronic health records and automated information searches.
Methods:
A search was conducted in the PubMed, Excerpta Medica (EMBASE) and ScienceDirect (Elsevier) online databases for articles published between January 2000 and April 2023. The only inclusion criteria were (1) original research articles and studies on the application of Artificial Intelligence-based medical clinical decision support using natural language-processing techniques and (2) limited to publication in English. A Critical Appraisal Skills Programme tool was used to assess the quality of the studies.
Results:
The search yielded 466 articles, from which 23 studies were included (21 original articles and two systematic reviews). Of the evaluated articles, 18 of the included studies explained the use of natural language processing as a source of data collection, 15 articles used electronic health records as a data source and a further six were based on clinical data. Only four of the articles showed the use of combined strategies for natural language processing to obtain clinical data. Thirteen articles presented standalone data review algorithms. The other studies showed that the clinical decision support system alternative was also a way of displaying the information obtained for immediate clinical use.
Conclusions:
The use of natural language processing engines can be used effectively to obtain results that could allow the development of more accurate clinical decision systems. Furthermore, the use of biphasic tools using Artificial Intelligence criteria as algorithms combined with human criteria may improve the flow of clinical diagnosis/treatment.
Citation
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Copyright
© The authors. All rights reserved. This is a privileged document currently under peer-review/community review (or an accepted/rejected manuscript). Authors have provided JMIR Publications with an exclusive license to publish this preprint on it's website for review and ahead-of-print citation purposes only. While the final peer-reviewed paper may be licensed under a cc-by license on publication, at this stage authors and publisher expressively prohibit redistribution of this draft paper other than for review purposes.