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Accepted for/Published in: JMIR Medical Education

Date Submitted: Nov 8, 2023
Date Accepted: Feb 16, 2024

The final, peer-reviewed published version of this preprint can be found here:

Capability of GPT-4V(ision) in the Japanese National Medical Licensing Examination: Evaluation Study

Nakao T, Miki S, Nakamura Y, Kikuchi T, Nomura Y, Hanaoka S, Yoshikawa T, Abe O

Capability of GPT-4V(ision) in the Japanese National Medical Licensing Examination: Evaluation Study

JMIR Med Educ 2024;10:e54393

DOI: 10.2196/54393

PMID: 38470459

PMCID: 10966435

Capability of GPT-4V(ision) in Japanese National Medical Licensing Examination: Evaluation Study

  • Takahiro Nakao; 
  • Soichiro Miki; 
  • Yuta Nakamura; 
  • Tomohiro Kikuchi; 
  • Yukihiro Nomura; 
  • Shouhei Hanaoka; 
  • Takeharu Yoshikawa; 
  • Osamu Abe

ABSTRACT

Background:

Previous research applying large language models (LLMs) to medicine was focused on text-based information. Recently, multimodal variants of LLMs acquired the capability of recognizing images.

Objective:

To evaluate the capability of GPT-4V, a recent multimodal LLM developed by OpenAI, in recognizing images in the medical field by testing its capability to answer questions in the 117th Japanese National Medical Licensing Examination.

Methods:

We focused on 108 questions that had one or more images as part of a question and presented GPT-4V with the same questions under two conditions: 1) with both the question text and associated image(s), and 2) with the question text only. We then compared the difference in accuracy between the two conditions using the exact McNemar’s test.

Results:

Among the 108 questions with images, GPT-4V's accuracy was 68% when presented with images and 72% when presented without images (P = .36).

Conclusions:

The additional information from the images did not significantly improve the performance of GPT-4V in the Japanese Medical Licensing Examination.


 Citation

Please cite as:

Nakao T, Miki S, Nakamura Y, Kikuchi T, Nomura Y, Hanaoka S, Yoshikawa T, Abe O

Capability of GPT-4V(ision) in the Japanese National Medical Licensing Examination: Evaluation Study

JMIR Med Educ 2024;10:e54393

DOI: 10.2196/54393

PMID: 38470459

PMCID: 10966435

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