Accepted for/Published in: JMIR Medical Education
Date Submitted: Nov 4, 2023
Date Accepted: Aug 19, 2024
Using ChatGPT in nursing: A scoping review of current opinions
ABSTRACT
Background:
Since the release of ChatGPT in November 2022, this emerging technology has garnered a lot of attention in various fields, and nursing is no exception. However, to date, no study has comprehensively summarized the status and opinions of the use of ChatGPT in nursing.
Objective:
To syntheses the opinions and acceptance of using ChatGPT in nursing fields, as well as ChatGPT’s strengths, weaknesses, and potential impacts it may cause.
Methods:
A comprehensive literature research was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines in four online databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and CINHAL) to identify articles reporting the status or opinions of the application of ChatGPT in nursing fields from 2022 to 3rd September 2023. English-language articles associated with utilization or the opinions of ChatGPT in nursing fields, covering various publication types (i.e., original articles, review articles, pre-prints, protocols, editorials, letters to editor, correspondence, and case reports) were included. Thomas and Harden’s thematic synthesis framework was used to analyze data.
Results:
A total of 477 studies were identified from the initial literature search, of which we finally included 30 articles in this systematic review. Of the 30 studies, the United States, Canada, and China were the top publishing countries, and more studies were editorials as well as letters to the editor. In terms of the fields of concern, 20 studies focused on the application of ChatGPT in nursing education; other fields of concern included the use of ChatGPT in nursing practice (n=10), nursing research (n=2), nursing academic writing (n=2), nursing examination (n=2), and nursing future (n=1).
Conclusions:
As an emerging AI technology, ChatGPT has great potential to revolutionize nursing education, nursing practice, and nursing research. However, before it can be applied to practice, researchers, institutions, and administrations still need to critically examine the privacy, safety, and accuracy as well as academic misconduct and potential ethical issues it may lead to.
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