Accepted for/Published in: JMIR Medical Informatics
Date Submitted: Aug 21, 2023
Date Accepted: Jan 30, 2024
Preliminary Evidence of Use of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) in Healthcare Clinical Services: A Systematic Narrative Review
ABSTRACT
Background:
Generative Artificial Intelligence Tools and Applications (GenAI) are proliferating in healthcare. Physicians, specialists, and other providers have started primarily using GenAIs as an aid or tool to gather knowledge, information, training, or suggestive dialogue generation between the doctor and patient or between the doctor and the patient’s family or friends. As adoption continues, it is essential to validate the effectiveness of the
Objective:
This study aims to review and synthesize preliminary evidence on how GenAI is used to inform, guide, and automate activities or functions during clinical service encounters in healthcare.
Methods:
We screened and selected 161 articles to review from PubMed that have relevance to inform evidence of GenAI use in clinical services. The articles were categorized based on their significance on clinical service functions or activities.
Results:
We found that 80% of the articles reflect assistance, with 8% on any guidance role of GenAI. Only 4% of studies point to the automation of clinical services using GenAI.
Conclusions:
GenAI mainly informs rather than assists and automates any service functions. Presumably, the potential in clinical service is there, but it has yet to be actualized for GenAIs. More evidence is needed to keep up with the optimism that forward-thinking healthcare organizations will take advantage of GenAI, with concerns about how to leverage GenAI to help in the systemic digital transformation of healthcare.
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Copyright
© The authors. All rights reserved. This is a privileged document currently under peer-review/community review (or an accepted/rejected manuscript). Authors have provided JMIR Publications with an exclusive license to publish this preprint on it's website for review and ahead-of-print citation purposes only. While the final peer-reviewed paper may be licensed under a cc-by license on publication, at this stage authors and publisher expressively prohibit redistribution of this draft paper other than for review purposes.