Accepted for/Published in: JMIR Public Health and Surveillance
Date Submitted: May 23, 2023
Date Accepted: Nov 2, 2023
The migrant-local difference on the relationship between social support, sleep disturbance and loneliness among the older adults in China: A cross-sectional study
ABSTRACT
Background:
Background:
Older adults demonstrated high levels of loneliness. Loneliness would increase the risk of other mental health problems and physical health among older adults.
Objective:
Objective:
This study aimed to clarify the migrant-local difference on the relationship between social support, sleep disturbance and loneliness of the older adults in China.
Methods:
Methods:
Multistage cluster random sampling was used to select the participants, 613 migrant older adults (MOA) and 592 local older adults (LOA) were included in the survey. Loneliness was assessed by the short-form UCLA Loneliness Scale (ULS-6), social support was evaluated by Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS) and sleep disturbance was measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Chi-square test, t-test, and structural equation modelling (SEM) were adopted to explore the migrant-local difference between social support, sleep disturbance and loneliness among the MOA and LOA.
Results:
Results:
The mean score of loneliness for MOA was 8.58±3.03, while for LOA was 8.00±2.79. SEM analysis showed social support exerted negative direct effect both on sleep disturbance (standardized coefficient= -0.24 in MOA, standardized coefficient= -0.20 in LOA) and loneliness (standardized coefficient= -0.44 in MOA, standardized coefficient= -0.40 in LOA); sleep disturbance generated positive direct effect on loneliness (standardized coefficient= 0.13 in MOA, standardized coefficient= 0.22 in LOA).
Conclusions:
Conclusions:
Both the MOA and LOA had a low level of loneliness, while the MOA showed a higher loneliness than LOA. Negative correlation between social support and loneliness were found among both the MOA and LOA, while it was higher in MOA than LOA. Loneliness was significantly and positively associated with sleep disturbance in these two groups, while the effect was stronger in LOA than MOA. Besides, sleep disturbance was negatively correlated with social support for both groups, and it was higher in MOA than LOA. Clinical Trial: The survey and data use have obtained the written informed consent of all participants. The research program of this was reviewed and approved by the ethical committee of Shandong University (No. 20180225) and was in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.
Citation
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