Accepted for/Published in: JMIR Medical Education
Date Submitted: Feb 11, 2023
Date Accepted: Mar 21, 2023
Date Submitted to PubMed: Mar 22, 2023
Artificial Intelligence Teaching as part of Medical Education: A Qualitative Analysis of Expert Interviews
ABSTRACT
Background:
The use of artificial intelligence in medicine is expected to increase significantly in the upcoming years. Advancements in AI technology have the potential to revolutionize healthcare, from aiding in the diagnosis of certain diseases to helping with treatment decisions. To prepare medical students for the opportunities and challenges related to the use of the technology within the clinical context, the integration of the subject of AI in medicine has been suggested as part of the medical curriculum.
Objective:
The purpose of this study was to explore the relevant knowledge and understanding of the subject of AI in medicine, and to specify curricula teaching content within medical education
Methods:
For this research, 12 guideline-based expert interviews were conducted. Experts were defined as individuals who have been engaged in full-time academic research, development, and/or teaching in the field of artificial intelligence in medicine for at least five years. The interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using qualitative content analysis. The data analysis was conducted using the software QCAmap and inductive category formation
Results:
The qualitative content analysis led to the formation of three main categories ("Knowledge," "Interpretation," and "Application") with a total of nine associated subcategories. The experts interviewed cited knowledge and an understanding of the fundamentals of AI, statistics, ethics, and privacy and regulation as necessary basic knowledge that should be part of medical education. The analysis also showed that medical students need to be able to interpret as well as critically reflect on the results provided by AI, taking into account the associated risks and data basis. To enable the application of AI in medicine, medical education should promote the acquisition of practical skills, including the need for basic technological skills, as well as the development of confidence in the technology and one's related competencies.
Conclusions:
The results of the analyzed expert interviews suggest that the topic of AI in medicine should be part of the medical curriculum to develop the knowledge, understanding, and confidence needed to use AI in the clinical context. The results further imply an imminent need for standardization of the definition of AI as the foundation to identify, define, and teach respective content on AI within medical curricula.
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© The authors. All rights reserved. This is a privileged document currently under peer-review/community review (or an accepted/rejected manuscript). Authors have provided JMIR Publications with an exclusive license to publish this preprint on it's website for review and ahead-of-print citation purposes only. While the final peer-reviewed paper may be licensed under a cc-by license on publication, at this stage authors and publisher expressively prohibit redistribution of this draft paper other than for review purposes.