Accepted for/Published in: JMIR Human Factors
Date Submitted: Jan 31, 2023
Open Peer Review Period: Jan 31, 2023 - Mar 28, 2023
Date Accepted: Aug 2, 2023
(closed for review but you can still tweet)
Warning: This is an author submission that is not peer-reviewed or edited. Preprints - unless they show as "accepted" - should not be relied on to guide clinical practice or health-related behavior and should not be reported in news media as established information.
Evaluating Eye Gaze Dynamics between Physician-Patient-Computer Interaction in Minority Serving Clinics
ABSTRACT
Background:
Nonverbal communication between physicians and patients provides indications of engagement to patients/physicians, establishes a good rapport, and increases trust.
Objective:
This study examines eye gaze directions between physicians, patients and computers in naturalistic medical encounters in minority serving clinics to understand the communication patterns given different racial/ethnic backgrounds.
Methods:
The lag sequential analysis method quantitively measures physician-patient-computer interactions to support building and designing health information technologies and facilitate assisting patients’ outcomes. Data came from 77-videotaped medical encounters, that included 11 physicians and 77 patients, from three Federally Qualified Health Center in Chicago, Illinois.
Results:
The results of the lag sequential method showed that three out of six doctor-initiated gaze patterns were followed by patient-response gaze patterns. In addition, four out of six patient-initiated patterns were significantly followed by doctor-response gaze patterns.
Conclusions:
This study examined several physician-patient-computer interaction patterns in minority serving clinics. Unlike the findings in previous studies, doctor-initiated eye gaze behavior patterns were not leading patients eye gaze. This study showed that doctors tended to engage more with patients and shared the computer with them. In addition, patient-initiated eye gaze behavior patterns were significant in certain circumstances, particularly when interacting with physicians.
Citation
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Copyright
© The authors. All rights reserved. This is a privileged document currently under peer-review/community review (or an accepted/rejected manuscript). Authors have provided JMIR Publications with an exclusive license to publish this preprint on it's website for review and ahead-of-print citation purposes only. While the final peer-reviewed paper may be licensed under a cc-by license on publication, at this stage authors and publisher expressively prohibit redistribution of this draft paper other than for review purposes.