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Akhter-Khan SC, Tao Q, Alvin TFA, Karjadi C, Itchapurapu IS, Libon DJ, Alosco M, Mez J, Qiu WQ, Au R
Cerebral Microbleeds in Different Brain Regions and Their Associations With the Digital Clock-Drawing Test: Secondary Analysis of the Framingham Heart Study
Warning: This is an author submission that is not peer-reviewed or edited. Preprints - unless they show as "accepted" - should not be relied on to guide clinical practice or health-related behavior and should not be reported in news media as established information.
Cerebral microbleeds in different brain regions and their associations with the digital clock-drawing test in the Framingham Heart Study
Samia C. Akhter-Khan;
Qiushan Tao;
Ting Fang Ang Alvin;
Cody Karjadi;
Indira Swetha Itchapurapu;
David J. Libon;
Michael Alosco;
Jesse Mez;
Wei Qiao Qiu;
Rhoda Au
ABSTRACT
Background:
Cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) increase the risk for Alzheimer’s disease. Current neuroimaging methods that are used to detect CMBs are costly and not always accessible.
Objective:
The aim of this study was to explore whether the digital clock-drawing test (DCT) may detect CMBs.
Methods:
Framingham Heart Study participants with data on CMBs, traditional Clock Drawing Test (CDT), and DCT (n=1,020) were included. CMBs were divided into lobar only, deep only, and mixed (lobar+deep) groups. Robust regression models and receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis of multinomial classification models were applied.
Results:
Whereas CMBs were not associated with the CDT, participants with CMBs had a lower overall DCT score. Deep CMBs were associated with lower scores on drawing efficiency and simple motor domains of the command DCT. DCT facets showed discrimination between no CMB and the CMB diagnostic groups (area under the ROC curve 0.76–0.98).
Conclusions:
The DCT may be an easy and cost-effective method to screen CMBs before neuroimaging is applied.
Citation
Please cite as:
Akhter-Khan SC, Tao Q, Alvin TFA, Karjadi C, Itchapurapu IS, Libon DJ, Alosco M, Mez J, Qiu WQ, Au R
Cerebral Microbleeds in Different Brain Regions and Their Associations With the Digital Clock-Drawing Test: Secondary Analysis of the Framingham Heart Study
