Maintenance Notice

Due to necessary scheduled maintenance, the JMIR Publications website will be unavailable from Wednesday, July 01, 2020 at 8:00 PM to 10:00 PM EST. We apologize in advance for any inconvenience this may cause you.

Who will be affected?

Accepted for/Published in: Journal of Medical Internet Research

Date Submitted: Jan 15, 2023
Date Accepted: Jun 7, 2023

The final, peer-reviewed published version of this preprint can be found here:

Defining Misinformation and Related Terms in Health-Related Literature: Scoping Review

El Mikati IK, Hoteit R, Harb T, El Zein O, Piggott T, Melki J, Mustafa RA, Akl EA

Defining Misinformation and Related Terms in Health-Related Literature: Scoping Review

J Med Internet Res 2023;25:e45731

DOI: 10.2196/45731

PMID: 37556184

PMCID: 10414029

Defining Misinformation and Related Terms in the Health-related Literature: A Scoping Review

  • Ibrahim K. El Mikati; 
  • Reem Hoteit; 
  • Tarek Harb; 
  • Ola El Zein; 
  • Thomas Piggott; 
  • Jad Melki; 
  • Reem A. Mustafa; 
  • Elie A. Akl

ABSTRACT

Background:

Misinformation poses a serious challenge to clinical and policy decision making in the health field which rely on accurate and reliable information. The COVID-19 pandemic amplified interest in misinformation and related terms and witnessed a proliferation of definitions.

Objective:

We aim to assess definitions of misinformation and related terms used in the health-related literature.

Methods:

We conducted a scoping review of systematic reviews that addressed misinformation in the field of health and reported on at least one definition for misinformation or related terms. We searched Ovid Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane, and Epistemonikos databases for reviews published within the last five years. We identified definition concepts and analyzed their use across misinformation related terms.

Results:

We included 25 eligible systematic reviews, which contained 48 definitions for misinformation and related terms (13 for misinformation, 12 for disinformation, 15 for infodemic, 7 for fake news, and 1 for malinformation). Out of all the definitions, 34 (71%) were referenced from other sources. We mapped the differnet terms against the concepts of inaccuracy, intentionality, and being misleading. The definitions were largely consistent, but we did not identify any guidance on operationalizing the concepts addressed in those definitions.

Conclusions:

This scoping review of the health literature identified several definitions for misinformation and related terms that were largely consistent but not operationalized. Additional research is needed to operationalize the defintions of misinformation and related terms.


 Citation

Please cite as:

El Mikati IK, Hoteit R, Harb T, El Zein O, Piggott T, Melki J, Mustafa RA, Akl EA

Defining Misinformation and Related Terms in Health-Related Literature: Scoping Review

J Med Internet Res 2023;25:e45731

DOI: 10.2196/45731

PMID: 37556184

PMCID: 10414029

Download PDF


Request queued. Please wait while the file is being generated. It may take some time.

© The authors. All rights reserved. This is a privileged document currently under peer-review/community review (or an accepted/rejected manuscript). Authors have provided JMIR Publications with an exclusive license to publish this preprint on it's website for review and ahead-of-print citation purposes only. While the final peer-reviewed paper may be licensed under a cc-by license on publication, at this stage authors and publisher expressively prohibit redistribution of this draft paper other than for review purposes.