Accepted for/Published in: Journal of Medical Internet Research
Date Submitted: Aug 15, 2022
Date Accepted: Mar 23, 2023
Effects of smartphone-based remote interventions on dietary intake, physical activity, weight control and related health benefits among the overweight and obese elderly population in China: a randomized controlled trial
ABSTRACT
Background:
Background:
Traditional health management requires lots of human and material resources and cannot meet the growing needs. Remote medical technology provides an opportunity for health management, but research is insufficient.
Objective:
The objective was to assess the effects of remote interventions on weight management.
Methods:
In this randomized controlled study, 750 participants were randomly assigned to remote dietary and physical activity intervention group (group DPI), remote physical activity intervention group (group PI) and control group (Group C). At baseline (Time 1), day 45 (Time 2) and day 90 (Time 3), data were collected including dietary intake, physical activity, indexes related to weight control and health benefits.
Results:
Finally, a total of 642 (85.6%) participants completed the follow-up. Comparing with group C, participants in group DPI showed a significant decrease in energy intake (-581 vs -82, kcal, P < 0.05), protein intake (-17 vs -3, g, P < 0.05), fat intake (-8 vs 3, g, P < 0.05) and carbohydrate intake (-106.5 g vs -4.7 g, P < 0.05) at Time 3. Compared with Time 1, group DPI and group PI showed a sig-nificant decrease in cereals and potatoes intake (P < 0.05). Compared with Time 1, the physical activity levels related to trans-portation (group PI: 693 vs 597, group C: 693 vs 594, MET-min/week, P < 0.05) and housework and gardening (group PI: 11 vs 0, group C: 11 vs 4, MET-min/week, P < 0.05) in group PI and group C were improved at Time 3. Comparing with group PI and C, participants in group DPI showed a significant decrease in weight (-1.56 vs -0.86, -1.56 vs -0.66, kg, P < 0.05) and BMI (-0.61 vs -0.33, -0.61 vs -0.27, kg/m2, P < 0.05) at Time 2. Comparing with group PI and C, group DPI showed a significant decrease in body weight (-4.11 vs -1.01, -4.11 vs -0.83, kg, P < 0.05) and BMI (-1.61 vs -0.40, -1.61 vs -0.33, kg/m2, P < 0.05) at Time 3. Compared with groups C, group DPI showed a significant decrease in TG (-0.06 vs 0.32, mmol/L, P < 0.05) at Time 2. Compared with groups B and C, group DPI showed a significant decrease in SBP (-8.15 vs -3.04, -8.15 vs -3.80, mmHg, P < 0.05), TG (-0.48 vs 0.11, -0.48 vs 0.18, mmol/L, P < 0.05), and FBG (-0.77 vs 0.43, -0.77 vs 0.14, mmol/L, P < 0.05). There were significant differences in HDL-C (-0.00 vs -0.07, mmol/L, P < 0.05) and HbA1c (-0.19% vs -0.07%, P < 0.05) between group DPI and group C.
Conclusions:
Remote dietary and physical activity interventions could improve dietary intake among the overweight or obesity participants, and were beneficial to weight control and have potential health benefits. Clinical Trial: The study protocol has been registered in the Chinese clinical trial registry with the registration number ofChiCTR190023355 INTRODUCTION.
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