JMIR Publications

ABSTRACT

Background:

Health-related hazards have a very detrimental impact on society. Health Emergency and Disaster Management System (Health EDMS), such as a contact tracing application, is used to respond to and cope with health-related hazards. User compliance with Health EDMS warnings is key to its success. However, it was reported that user compliance with such a system remained low.

Objective:

Through a systematic literature review, this study identifies the theories and factors that could explain user compliance with Health EDMS. In addition, this study characterizes the features of EDMS and maps them to the features of contact tracing applications as exemplary of Health EDMS.

Methods:

This systematic literature review was conducted using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines. The search is performed using online databases such as Scopus, ScienceDirect, ProQuest, IEEE, and PubMed for English journal articles published between January 2000 and February 2022.

Results:

A total of 14 articles were selected for the review. This study identified seven theories researchers adopted when examining Health EDMS compliance behavior. In addition, the individual, technological, and social factors influencing compliance with Health EDMS are identified. From the four emergency and disaster management stages, 19 main activities and 42 EDMS features have been identified. This study has also mapped the EDMS features into contact tracing (CTA) functionalities. At most, CTA implements 11 EDMS features for the response and recovery phases.

Conclusions:

Research on the Health EDMS topic increased rapidly in 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. An in-depth understanding of user's compliance before designing Health EDMS is essential for governments and developers to increase the effectiveness of Health EDMS implementation. This study identified the research gaps and suggested potential directions for future research on this topic.