Previously submitted to: Journal of Medical Internet Research (no longer under consideration since Dec 08, 2022)
Date Submitted: Mar 31, 2022
Warning: This is an author submission that is not peer-reviewed or edited. Preprints - unless they show as "accepted" - should not be relied on to guide clinical practice or health-related behavior and should not be reported in news media as established information.
Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Medicine Dispensing: From Concepts to Practice in the Community Pharmacy
ABSTRACT
Background:
Community pharmacies are increasingly exploring the opportunities of digital transformation. This paper proposes a system based on computer vision to assist pharmacists in medication dispensing and check adherence to medication plans.
Objective:
The proposed solution uses artificial intelligence (AI), cloud, and mobile technology to support pharmacists in managing patient medication records, identifying possible medication errors when preparing pillboxes, and providing personalized information to end-users.
Methods:
Action design research was selected to design a technology readiness level 7 solution in a community pharmacy.
Results:
For theory, the project suggests design guidelines for AI-enabled medicine dispensing and evaluates success factors for community pharmacy digital transformation. For practice, this paper presents an example of low-cost intelligent medication dispensing suitable for nursing homes and patients with pill medication plans. AI-enabled systems can contribute to (1) prevent errors in filling pillbox compartments, (2) provide an additional cross-check in medication dispensing, and (3) identify medication adherence problems in more demanding scenarios of institutions with multiple patients.
Conclusions:
Community pharmacies must have an active role in adopting artificial intelligence in their processes, creating their digital transformation strategy, not limiting their choices to the technology providers offer.
Citation
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Copyright
© The authors. All rights reserved. This is a privileged document currently under peer-review/community review (or an accepted/rejected manuscript). Authors have provided JMIR Publications with an exclusive license to publish this preprint on it's website for review and ahead-of-print citation purposes only. While the final peer-reviewed paper may be licensed under a cc-by license on publication, at this stage authors and publisher expressively prohibit redistribution of this draft paper other than for review purposes.