Accepted for/Published in: JMIR Formative Research
Date Submitted: Mar 30, 2022
Open Peer Review Period: Mar 30, 2022 - May 30, 2022
Date Accepted: Nov 17, 2022
(closed for review but you can still tweet)
The Effectiveness of Web-based Application for Balanced Diet and Healthy Weight among Indonesian Pregnant Women: A Randomised Controlled Trials
ABSTRACT
Background:
Pregnant women self-report that they had difficulties estimating nutrient intake. The Nutrition Information System for Indonesia pregnant women (SISFORNUTRIMIL) app was created as a possible measures tool to prevent inadequate nutrition during pregnancy. This study aimed to investigate whether the SISFORNUTRIMIL app impacts Indonesian pregnant women's healthy diet and weight.
Objective:
To determine differences in dietary diversity consumption, maternal weight gain and dietary intake between the intervention and control groups.
Methods:
This study conducted a nested randomised trial in the context of examining the effectiveness of the SISFORNUTRIMIL app as an electronic food record feature, including portion sizes and calorie amounts. A recruited sample of 112 pregnant women was randomised to the intervention group using the SISFORNUTRIMIL apps (n=56) and the non-users controlled group (n=56). The participants are randomly allocated referring to Standard Protocol Items: The Consolidated Standards of Research Trials (CONSORT) items for non-pharmacologic treatment. Daily dietary intake data collected from 7-day food diary in baseline and 12 weeks post randomization. Diversity food consumption measured by the Minimum Dietary Diversity for Women of reproductive age (MDD-W). Furthermore, the Indonesian RDA could refer and validate for energy and macronutrients amount.
Results:
Dietary diversity consumption was significantly greater in the app users versus non app users’ groups (adjusted mean difference: 0.77 (95%CI: 0.28,1.25); d=0.28; p=0.005). Daily dietary intake was significantly in accordance with the dietary recommendations compared to control groups, noted for energy daily intake of 156.88 kcal (95% CI: 114.52 to 199.23; d = -1.39 p=0.002), carbohydrate 102.43 g (95% CI: -125.2 to -79.60; d=-1.68 p=0.017), protein 14.33 g (95% CI: 11.40 to 17.25; d=1.86 p=0.000), and fat 10.96 g (95% CI: -13.71 to -8.20; d =-1.49 p=0.000). Furthermore, there was significantly higher intake in daily vitamins and minerals in the intervention group than the control group. Other outcomes showed that maternal weight gain, referred to the Institute of Medicine recommendation seen tend excessed weight gain dominantly in participants' control group (+6 kg versus +8 kg).
Conclusions:
The SISFORNUTRIMIL app can assist Indonesian pregnant women in healthy eating interventions to meet the nutrition suggested by Indonesian Recommended Dietary Allowance. It provides a measures tool that helps pregnant women to calculate and estimate daily calorie intakes via recording the food consumed. Clinical Trial: ISRCTN42690828
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