JMIR Publications

ABSTRACT

Background:

The novel coronavirus strain became a pandemic and life-threatening disease worldwide. Despite COVID-19 vaccination in some parts of the world, social distances, lockdown, and more policies the disease is rising.

Objective:

To expand our knowledge of severe and critically ill patients and to control and diagnose COVID-19 patients in the early stages, we compared the laboratory values of these patients with the control group.

Methods:

In this single-center, observational study, we enrolled 143 participants that 103 patients who were severely or critically ill patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia who were admitted to Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex (Tehran, Iran) and included 40 healthy individuals as the control group. Data were analyzed for demographic data, laboratory values, and clinical outcomes. Data were also compared between survivors and non-survivors.

Results:

Of 143 participants, we enrolled 54 patients in the severe group and 49 patients in the critical group. The average age of the cases was 53.5 years. 52.4% were men, non-survivors were older than survivors (55 years vs 53.2). Prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time, the international normalized ratio, D-dimer, WBC, RBC, Hb, HCT, neutrophils, lymphocytes, BUN, Cr, ALT, AST, and ALK were significant in the critical group and the severe group compared to the control group. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were higher in the patient groups compared to the control group. We also carried out a comparison between survivors and non-survivors and revealed that PT, PTT, D-dimer, ESR, FBS, urea, creatinine, LDH, lymphocyte, and neutrophil count were significant.

Conclusions:

Findings showed coagulopathy and organ failure are the main reason for the mortality of patients.