JMIR Publications

ABSTRACT

Background:

HDV is a satellite RNA virus that relies on HBV for transmission. HIV/HBV/HDV coinfection or triple infection is common and has a worse prognosis than monoinfection.

Objective:

We aimed to reveal the epidemiologic characteristics of HIV/HBV/HDV triple infection in the global population.

Methods:

A systematic literature search in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane was performed for studies of the prevalence of HIV/HBV/HDV triple infection published from January 1, 1990, to May 31, 2021. The Der Simonian-Laird random-effects model was used to calculate pooled prevalence.

Results:

Fourteen studies with 13119 samples were included. The pooled triple infection rate in the global population was 7.4% (0.73%-29.59%). The results of the subgroup analysis showed that the triple infection prevalence was significantly higher in the Asian population (21.4%), in men (3.8%), and in the MSM population (7.9%). In addition, patients with HBV monoinfection had a higher HIV/HBV/HDV triple infection rate than patients who did not have an HBV monoinfection

Conclusions:

This meta-analysis suggested that the prevalence of HIV/HBV/HDV triple infection in the global population is underestimated, and we should focus more effort on the prevention and control of HIV/HBV/HDV triple infection.