Accepted for/Published in: Journal of Medical Internet Research
Date Submitted: Jan 28, 2022
Date Accepted: Jun 23, 2022
Effectiveness of sleep prompt application for smartphone providing brief personalized therapies for insomnia among workers: randomized controlled trial
ABSTRACT
Background:
Insomnia is the most common sleep disorder and the foremost health concerns among workers. We developed a new "sleep prompt application (SPA)" to change the users' consciousness and behavior by sending timely short messages for mild sleep problems at an early stage.
Objective:
To investigate the effectiveness of the sleep prompt application (SPA) in providing brief personalized therapy for insomnia among employed workers.
Methods:
We conducted A two-arm parallel randomized controlled trial. A total of 116 Japanese employed workers (SPA group [n=60] and waitlist control group [n=56]) with sleep problems were recruited. The SPA provided personalized prompt messages, sleep diaries, sleep hygiene education, stimulus control therapy, and sleep restriction therapy. The prompt messages were sent automatically to the participants to encourage them to improve their sleep habits and sleep status, optimized to the individual's life cycles. The intervention program duration was 4 weeks. The primary outcome is change of the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) for study period. The ISI was taken weekly by web questionnaire.
Results:
A primary analysis using a linear mixed model showed a significant improvement in the temporal trends in the ISI of the SPA group both in the total population (P = .03) and in the ISI-8-insomniacs (P = .01). Subgroup analyses of ISI-8-insomniacs showed that the CFS score for physical condition significantly improved after the intervention (P = .02).
Conclusions:
This study demonstrated the effectiveness of the SPA in providing brief personalized therapy for insomnia among employed Japanese workers with mild insomnia. The physical fatigue score had significantly improved in ISI-8-insomniacs. Clinical Trial: The study was registered with the UMIN Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN000042263, 27/10/2020). https://center6.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000046295
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