Non-Communicable Diseases Household Survey Data Analysis, Sana’a City, Yemen- 2017
ABSTRACT
Background:
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) kill 41 million people each year, equivalent to 71% of all deaths globally. Burden of non-communicable diseases(NCDs) is rising faster in developing countries of the Middle East. The morbidity and mortality of NCDs are still not well-studied in Yemen.
Objective:
To describe the epidemiology of NCDs in Sana’a City, 2017.
Methods:
Raw data of house-to-house survey that was conducted by Ministry of Public Health and Population in 2017 were analyzed. Data were collected from household-heads who were asked if any household member had one of the following five NCDs: Hypertension (HTN), Diabetes (DM), Bronchial Asthma (BA), Mental Disorders (MD) and Epilepsy. Data was entered and analyzed using Epi info 7.2. For calculations of prevalence, 2017 projections from 2004 census were used.
Results:
Total households surveyed were 241,310 (1,592,646 household members) of them 59,061 households (24.5 %) had 70,178 patients who had at least one of NCDs. Overall prevalence NCDs was 4.4%. Disease specific prevalence was: HTN (2.3%), DM (2.2%), BA (0.4%), MD (0.27), and Epilepsy (0. 19%). The overall NCD prevalence was significantly higher among females than males: 5.1% vs. 3.8 %, OR 1.35 (CI:1.33-1.35) as well as for HTN 3.1% vs 1.6%, OR 1.94 (CI:1.90-1.98); DM 2.3% vs. 2.1%, OR 1.11 (CI:1.09-1.13) and BA 0.5% vs. 0.3%, OR 1.56 (CI:1.49-1.65). In contrast, prevalence of MD was significantly higher among males than females: 0.35% vs. 0.16%, OR 2.2 (CI: 2.06-2.31). The prevalence of NCDs was progressively increasing with age. Nearly 18% of patients had more than one of NCDs, 35.2% of HTN patients had also DM.
Conclusions:
One fourth of the surveyed households have at least one member who have one or more of the five NCDs and the overall prevalence of NCDs is 4.4 %. This reported data reflects only the tip of the iceberg as findings based on self-reported diagnosed cases rather than standardized measures. More attention to NCDs, strengthen health care provision and to obtaining high-reliability data, NCDs Stepwise Survey and establishing NCDs surveillance system are recommended.
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