JMIR Publications

ABSTRACT

Background:

Study on the changing characteristics of the disease spectrum is of great important for preventing and controlling the occurrence and development of diseases and improving the health of residents. However, there is still a lack of study on the characteristics of the disease spectrum of the residents in Guiyang, China.

Objective:

The aim of this study is to evaluate the disease spectrum of residents in Guiyang City, Guizhou Province, China, and analyze its differences among the ages, genders, and regions. These results will help the government to develop the cost-effectively target local resource allocation and other preventive health policies that address non-communicable diseases, malignant neoplasm and related health inequities.

Methods:

In this study, a stratified multi-level cluster sampling method were selected. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 77,381 natural populations were identified as the subjects. Information on demographic characteristics, chronic non-communicable diseases, and malignant neoplasm of the subjects were collected through structured questionnaires. Then, the prevalence and 95% confidence intervals of the above diseases in different gender, ages, regions were analyzed, to determine the ranking of diseases. The chi-square test was used to analyze the difference in the above diseases between the different gender and ages.

Results:

The major chronic non-communicable diseases of Guiyang residents are obesity, hypertension, and diabetes. Women with malignant neoplasm are mostly breast cancer, cervical cancer, and endometrial cancer, while men are mainly lung cancer, rectal cancer, and gastric cancer. The prevalence of hypertension and diabetes in women is higher than that in men, but the prevalence of lung cancer and gastric cancer in men is higher than that in women. The epidemiological characteristics of people in different life cycles are different. In terms of regional distribution, the prevalence of the above diseases in Baiyun, Qingzhen, and Yunyan is relatively high.

Conclusions:

Chronic non-communicable diseases (such as Obesity, hypertension, and diabetes), malignant tumors (such as breast cancer, cervical cancer and endometrial cancer in female, and lung cancer, rectal cancer, gastric cancer in male) are the focus of the prevention and control of chronic diseases in the future, Baiyun, Qingzhen, Yunyan of Guiyang, China is the important area to focus on.