Accepted for/Published in: JMIR Research Protocols
Date Submitted: Dec 17, 2021
Date Accepted: May 24, 2022
Mindfulness-based Smoking Cessation Delivered through Telehealth and Text Messaging for Low-Income Smokers: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
ABSTRACT
Background:
Tobacco use is the leading cause of preventable morbidity and mortality. Adults with low socioeconomic status (SES) and members of certain racial/ethnic minority groups are less likely to quit and therefore experience profound tobacco-related health disparities. Mindfulness training can increase rates of smoking cessation and lapse recovery, and telehealth and text messaging have promise for providing more accessible treatment.
Objective:
This project aims to: 1) test the efficacy of delivering mindfulness-based smoking cessation treatment through text messaging (iQuit Mindfully) and telehealth (group videoconferencing), both as standalone interventions and in combination; and 2) examine underlying mechanisms of mindfulness treatment.
Methods:
In this 2 X 2 randomized controlled trial, participants are randomized to one of 4 groups based on assignment to iQuit Mindfully text messages (yes/no) and mindfulness videoconference groups (yes/no). Primary outcomes are biochemically verified smoking abstinence at 8, 12, and 24 weeks after the start of treatment. Secondary outcomes include frequency of home mindfulness practice and self-reported levels of mindfulness, emotions, craving, withdrawal, dependence, self-efficacy, and social support.
Results:
Recruitment, treatment and assessment began in spring/summer 2021 and are ongoing.
Conclusions:
This project aims to improve smoking cessation outcomes for low-SES, racially/ethnically diverse smokers through mindfulness-based telehealth group counseling and text messaging support. We also aim to advance the scientific study of mechanisms of action of mindfulness treatment, which could inform the development of more efficacious and efficient treatments to reduce tobacco disparities. Clinical Trial: Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04965181); https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04965181
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