Satisfaction, Usability, and Compliance using Smartwatches for Ecological Momentary Assessment of Symptoms in Older Adults with Knee Osteoarthritis: usability study.
ABSTRACT
Background:
Coupled with sensor data, mobile devices offer a unique opportunity to understand the interplay between health symptoms, behaviors and environmental factors. Older adults with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) experience fluctuations in their pain and related symptoms (mood, fatigue, sleep quality) that smartwatches are ideally suited to capture remotely in a convenient manner.
Objective:
The aim of this study was to evaluate satisfaction, usability, and compliance using the Real-Time, Online Assessment and Mobility Monitor (ROAMM) mobile application designed for smartwatches in persons KOA.
Methods:
Participants (n=28, age 73.2 ± 5.5 yrs, 70% female) with reported KOA were asked to wear a smartwatch with the ROAMM app installed. Participants were prompted to report their prior night sleep quality in the morning and then ecological momentary assessments (EMA) of their pain, fatigue, mood and activity in the morning, afternoon and evening. Satisfaction, comfort, and usability were evaluated using a standardized questionnaire. Compliance answering EMAs was calculated after removing time when the watch wasn't being worn for technical reasons (e.g. during charging).
Results:
A majority of participants reported the text was large enough to read (84%) and it was easy to enter ratings using the smartwatch (100%). Approximately half of the participants (54%) judged the smartwatch to be comfortable and would wear the watch as the personal watch (46%). Most participants were satisfied with battery charging (78%). A majority of participants expressed their willingness to use ROAMM for a one-year research study (73%). Overall EMA compliance rate was 82.5% (2,505 responses out of 3,036 possible responses). It was lower among those not regularly wearing a wristwatch (n=10; 88.2% vs. 70.9 %) and in those who felt the text was too small to read (n = 4; 85.5% vs. 60.1%).
Conclusions:
Older adults with knee osteoarthritis positively rated and were generally satisfied with the ROAMM smartwatch app. The high compliance rates coupled with the willingness to participate in a long-term study suggest that ROAMM is a viable approach to remotely collecting health symptoms and behaviors for both research and clinical endeavors.
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